INDEX. 



507 



REAUMUR 



Reaumur's scale, freezing point of, u8 _ 

 Red fire made by burning strontium, 337 

 Red prominences of the sun, 342 

 Reflection of 'light, 176; polarization of 



light by, 322 



Refraction explained by Alhazen, 47 ; ex- 

 plained Huyghens, 177 ; figures illus- 

 trating, 178 ; double, 179 ; Snellius dis- 

 covers law of, 104 ; method of measuring, 

 105 ; of coloured rays, 161 

 ' Regne Animal,' Cuvier's, 433 

 Reptiles, gigantic fossil, 460, 476 

 Repulsion by electricity, 122 

 Respighi on height of red prominences, 343 

 Respiration, Boyle on air used in, 128 ; 



Mayow on effects of fire-air in, 129 

 Richter on chemical law of proportions, 



400 ; and Reich discover indium, 338 

 Rieban, Faraday's master, 373 

 Ritter discovers chemical rays, 331 

 Rivinus on plants, 208 

 Robison on Watts, 244 ^^-"""^ 

 Rocks, diagrams of, benj'and broken, 216 ; 



new ones formed out of old, 219 

 Rocky Mountains, fossils of the, 476 

 Roe of codfish, animalcules in, 136 

 Roeiner measures velocity of light, 172 

 Roger Bacon makes gunpowder, 52 ; his 



experiments on air, 52 

 Romaneson nervous system of Medusae, 475 

 Ronald's, Mr., attempt at electric tele- 

 graph, 382 

 Rose, modification of parts in the, 414; 



number of species of, 438 

 Rothmann, Dr., befriends Linnaeus, 205. 206 

 Royal Institution, Young professor at, 316 ; 



Davy at, 391 ; Faraday at, 374 

 Royal Society founded, 123 ; early mem- 

 bers of, 125 ; Newton learns the real 

 size of the earth at the, 147 

 Rubidium discovered, 338 

 Riidbeck discovers lymphatics, 113 

 Rudimentary organs, 459 

 Rudolph II. protects Tycho and Kepler, 



7> 93 . 

 Rudolphine tables, 93 ; used to predict 



transits, 154 

 Rumford, Count, produces heat by friction, 



350; appoints Davy to Royal Institution, 



39 1 



Rutherford, Dr., on nitrogen, 234 

 Rutherford, Mr., his moon photographs, 347 



C2 ABINE, Sir E., on connection between 

 *-* sun-spots and magnetic currents, 379 : 



on weight of our earth, 2?>g 

 Sachs, Professor, cited, 472 

 St. Hilaire, G., 412 ; on Egyptian animals, 



^28 ', on homologous parts of animals, 431 

 Salamanders, re-growth of limbs of, 201 

 Sal-ammoniac known to the Arabs, 45 



SMITH 



Salerno, medical school of, 40 



Salt, colour of burning, 337 



Salts of plants extracted, 193 



Sand-figures, musical, 273 



Sanderson, Dr. Burdon, on carnivorous 



plants, 473 



Sap, Ray and Willughby on, 140 

 Satellites of Jupiter, 88 ; eclipses of, 172 

 Satellites of Mars, 311 



Saturn, atmosphere of, 344 ; weight of, 151 ; 

 his ring seen by Galileo, 90 ; and Jupiter, 

 long inequality of, 279 

 Saussure, De, on glaciers, 449 

 Sauveur on musical sound, 263 

 Savery's engine, 245 

 Scheele, discoveries of, 230; on chemical 



rays of light, 331 



Schehallion experiment, diagram ot, 2b8 

 Schiaparelli on August meteors, 308 

 Schimper cited, 474 

 Schocfter, Peter, the printer, 55 

 Schwabe on periodicity of sun-spots, 379 

 Science, definition of, i ; of tlie Greeks, 7 : 

 decay of Greek, 35 ; of the Middle Ages, 

 39, 59 ; of the Arabs, 39 ; rise of modern, 

 61 et seq. ; of sixteenth century, 80 ; 

 seventeenth century, 182 ; eighteenth 

 century, 289; academies of, 122 

 Scilla on Calabrian fossils, 214 

 Scotland, glaciation of, 451 

 Screw of Archimedes, 25 

 Sea, land eaten away by the, 444 

 Seasons caused by obliquity of ecliptic, 20 

 Section of the skin, 136 

 Sedgwick cited, 446 



Seebeck, Professor, discovers thermo-elec- 

 tricity, 378 



Seeds and eggs, growth of, compared, 138 ; 

 classification of plants by, 69 ; Robert 

 Brown on structure of, 419 

 Segments in musical strings, 267 

 Seguin, M., on mechanical equivalent of 



heat, 355 

 Selection of animals by man, 466 ; natural, 



466 



Serapis, rise and sinking of temple of, 445 

 Servetus on circulation of blood, 108 

 Seventeenth century, characteristic work 



of, 478 ; summary of science of the, i8a 

 Shooting-stars, a legend concerning, 307 

 Sicily, thickness of limestone rocks in, 443 

 Silkworm, Malpighi on structure of, 136 

 Simpson, Dr., on chloroform, 409 

 Sines of incident and refracted rays, 106 

 Sirius, movements of, 346 

 Sixteenth century, advance of science in 



the, 80, 478 



Skaptar Jokul, torrent of lava from, 445 

 Skin, section of, 136 



Slough, Herschel's observatory at, 283, 305 

 Smith, Sir E., brings Linnaean collection to 

 England, an 



