414 A SHORT HISTORY OF SCIENCE 



the partisan of truth alone; and I can indeed say that I have used 

 all my endeavors, bestowed all my pains on an attempt to produce 

 something that should be agreeable to the good, profitable to the 

 learned, and useful to letters. 



Farewell, most worthy Doctors, 



And think kindly of your Anatomist 



WILLIAM HARVEY. 



E. GALILEO BEFORE THE INQUISITION (1633) 

 I. His CONDEMNATION 



We, GASPARO del titolo di S. Croce, in Gierusalemme Borgia; 



FRA FELICE CENTINO del titolo di S. Anastasia, detto d'Ascoli ; 



Guroo del titolo di S. Maria del Popolo Bentivoglio ; 



FRA DESIDERIO SCAGLIA del titolo di S. Carlo, detto di Cremona; 



FRA ANTONIO BARBERINO, detto di S. Onofrio ; 



LAUDIVIO ZACCHIA del titolo di S. Pietro in Vincolo, detto di S. Sisto; 



BERLINGERO del titolo di S. Agostino, Gessi; 



FABRICIO del titolo di S. Lorenzo in pane e perna, Verospi, chiamato 

 Prete; 



FRANCESCO di S. Lorenzo, in Damaso Barberino ; e 



MARTINO di S. Maria Nuova, Ginetti Diaconi ; 



by the Grace of God, Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, Inquisi- 

 tors-General throughout the whole Christian Republic, Special Depu- 

 ties of the Holy Apostolical Chair against heretical depravity, 



Whereas you, Galileo, son of the late Vincenzo Galilei of Florence, 

 aged seventy years, were denounced in 1615 to this Holy Office, for 

 holding as true the false doctrine taught by inany, namely, that the 

 sun is immovable in the centre of the world, and that the earth 

 moves, and also with a diurnal motion ; also for having pupils whom 

 you instructed in the same opinions; also for maintaining a corre- 

 spondence on the same with some German mathematicians ; also for 

 publishing certain letters on the solar spots, in which you developed 

 the same doctrine as truth; also for answering the objections which 

 were continually produced from the Holy Scriptures, by glozing the 

 said Scriptures according to your own meaning ; and whereas there- 

 upon was produced the copy of a writing, in form of a letter, confessedly 

 written by you to a person formerly your pupil, in which, following 

 the hypotheses of Copernicus, you include several propositions con- 

 trary to the true sense and authority of the Holy Scripture : 



