be made perfectly mellow to the depth of two feet, and if 

 not naturally rich, should be made so with old well rotted 

 stable or cow-yard manure, the latter always preferable. 

 The situation should have a southern aspect ; an eastern as- 

 pect is found to render the fruit and foliage most liable to 

 mildew, and a south-west exposure is found to be preferable 

 to all others. 



Transplanting^ 



Either the spring OF autumn answer for transplanting 

 vines, but the latter is the preferable season. In removing 

 the vines, it is necessary to keep the roots moist from the 

 time they are taken up until replanted. Let the holes be 

 dug two feet deep, and the same square, and some well 

 rotted cow-yard or stable manure be incorporated with the 

 earth that is filled in around them, and let them be watered 

 as soon as they are planted. 



Pruning of Young Fines. 



In the arts of Horticulture, I have never taken as a posi- 

 tive guide the rules of any other country convinced, as I 

 am, that the exercise of common sense reasoning, will bring 

 one to the best conclusions as to the course to be pursued. 

 Thus, with regard to grapes, as the small lateral branches 

 are for the most part unproductive^ and as their absorbtion 

 of a vast portion of sap, which ought to pass into the main 

 and fruit bearing branches, renders them worse than useless, 

 they should be in no way encouraged farther than is abso- 

 lutely necessary to the safety of the vine. The first year, 

 therefore, I would only allow one, or at most two, shoots to 

 grow; and an examination for this purpose should com* 

 racnce as soon as the scions begin to shoot, leaving only one 

 of the most promising, and rubbing or pruning cff the rest ; 

 and this should be carefully pursued every two weeks 

 throughout the season, during which period, every lateral 

 branch should be quickly taken off, as they not only impo- 

 verish the main shoots, but greatly prevent the wood from 

 ripening. In October, or November, this shoot should be 

 shortened to about three or four eyes, according to the 

 strength of the plant, and where very weak, it would be 

 best to leave but two eyes. Your pruning should invariably 

 be done in the fall, or very early in the winter* 



