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our ears, for the thousandth time, only exist in the brains of 

 those who have propagated them. 



Training. 



Lattice fences, five feet high, ranged north and south, 

 and at a distance of six feet trom each other, answer ex- 

 tremely well for vines, which should be planted along 

 i hem at the distance of from six to eight feet asunder. 

 On these fences the shoots should be trained in a hori- 

 zontal or oblique direction* and each branch singly, so as to 

 allow the air to pass freely through, and cause the wood 

 to ripen well, on which invariably depends the success of 

 the ensuing crop. At Thomery, a town near Paris, cele- 

 brated for its fine grapes, the vines are trained on trellices 

 eight feet high. These lattices possess this advantage, that 

 the sun can shine on both sides of the vines in the course of 

 the day, and that they allow a free passage to the air, which 

 is of great benefit as well in maturing the fruit, as in ripen- 

 ing the wood. In those parts of France, however, where the 

 culture of the vine is carried to so great an extent, a very 

 simple mode is pursued, which is, to place two poles to each 

 vine, and to train up two shoots to each of the poles. This 

 method will be found advantageous in this country on the 

 principle of economy, when it is contemplated to establish 

 extensive vineyards and this is the course which will doubt- 

 less be pursued in the vineyards now establishing throughout 

 our country, 



Protection, &c. 



It is preferable in winter to protect some kinds of foreign 

 grapes in the following manner, though there are many which 

 do not require it : In the course of the month of November, 

 a few days after they have been trimmed according to the 

 above directions, bend each vine gently down, and if long, 

 form it into a coil, then stake it to keep it in its place ; after 

 this, proceed to cover it with earth or litter, hilling the earth 

 up well around, and sloping it to cast off the rain. In the 

 beginning of April, they must be carefully uncovered, and 

 trained along the lattices designed for them, or tied up to the 

 poles in such a way that the branches are kept separate from 

 each other, and, if it is the first season after transplanting, 

 allow but three or four of the most vigorous buds to grow, 

 and rub off the others* It has been urged, by some, that the 



