it, but those most pursued, and most easy and useful, are 

 split, or cleft grafting, and whip, or tongue grafting these 

 two methods I will, therefore, proceed to describe. 



Split, or cleft grafting. In doing this, the head of the 

 tree or branch is to be carefully cut oft* in a sloping direc- 

 tion, and the upper part is then to be smoothed off hori- 

 zontally, to about one-third the diameter of the stock ; a per- 

 pendicular slit is then to be made of about one and a half to 

 two inches deep, with a sharp knife or chizel, which must 

 cross the centre of the smooth surface of the slope ; the 

 graft having been prepared in the form of a long thin wedge, 

 it must now be fitted into the upper part of this incision, and 

 be placed in such manner that the inner bark of the stock 

 and scion exactly meet each other; this being done, the 

 stock should be bound up with a band of bass mat, and the 

 parts be carefully clayed over to prevent the operation of the 

 air, and to keep it moist, leaving about three to four buds of 

 the graft to project uncovered. 



Whifi) or tongue grafting'. When this method is pur- 

 sued, the top of the stock and the graft should be of nearly 

 equal diameter; the stock and the graft should each be 

 sloped about an inch and a half, and made to match each 

 other ; in some cases they are bound together ; in others, 

 the addition of a tongue is made to one part, to match in an 

 incision of the other. In either case, if the barks are made 

 to meet, and they are well bound together, there is little 

 doubt of success. They must be clayed over the same as in 

 split grafting the clay will need to be mixed up with water, 

 and to be made soft and pliable for the purpose. 



ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS, &c. 



Magnolia. Of this there are a large number of species and 

 varieties, and all of the species are natives either of North- 

 America or of China. The Magnolia tripetela, or Um- 

 brella tree, attains a large size, and is of rapid growth. It 

 has very large leaves, and large white flowers. The Mag- 

 nolia glauca has small leaves, of a shining green colour, and 

 the flowers, which are of moderate size, and white, are of 

 exquisite fragrance. The northern varieties of this never 

 forms more than a large shrub, or small tree ; but the 

 southern variety, which has longer leaves, rises to the height 

 of 30 or 40 feet, in its native localities- The Magnolia acu- 

 has blue flowers, of no great beauty, but its foliage is 



