32 FISHES OF THE VICINITY OF NEW YORK 



(e) Not as above. 



x. Ventral fins without a scaly flap at their 

 base. Upper corner of gill -cover 

 (operculum) with one or two more or 

 less obscure flattened spines. 



(x) Pseudobranchiae (gill-like structure 



on the inner face of the gill-cover) 



not well developed, fresh-water. 



Micropteridce 



(y) Pseudobranchise well developed. 



Marine. 



x. 1 Eye very large. Color bright red. 

 Priacanthidce. 



y. 1 Body deep, compressed. Eye 



placed far forward near the 



snout. LobotidcB. 



z. Not as above. Serranidce. 



v. Ventral fins with a scaly flap at their base. 



Upper corner of the gill-cover (operculum) 



without spines. 



(x) Teeth in the back of the mouth, flat 

 molar-like. Anterior teeth more or 

 less incisor-like, sometimes compressed. 



Sparidce. 



(y) Upper jaw capable of being thrust far 



forward. The lower jaw concave. 



Eucinostomidce 



(z) Not as above. 



x. 1 Teeth large, unequal. Lutianidce 

 y. 1 Teeth small. Haemulidce 



(1 Two or three separate soft-rayed back fins. 

 No spines anywhere. 



(1) Mouth large, with large teeth. Lower 



jaw projecting. Color silvery. 



Merlucciidce 



(2) Mouth and teeth comparatively small. 



Color not silvery. Gadidce 



