TRAWL FISHERIES 83 



from 60 to 200, her bunker capacity 250 tons, with 

 storage room for up to 120 tons of fish. She is fitted 

 with triple expansion engines of from 40 to 85 horse 

 power. The forward part of the ship is occupied by 

 the living quarters of the crew, rope and net store, ice- 

 room, and fish-hold. Larger vessels, making trips to 

 distant grounds, will take as much as 30 tons of broken 

 ice ; this ice is distributed over the fish in layers, after 

 they have been cleaned and gutted. In practically all 

 modern fishing ports there is a special ice factory situated 

 near the quay, and ice is manufactured by the ammonia 

 process, crushed, and delivered to the ships through 

 zinc-lined chutes. The fish-hold in the forward part of 

 the ship extends right across the ship and is from 9 to 

 10 ft. high, divided by a partition into two compartments, 

 each compartment fitted with two shelves 5 ft. long, 

 on which the fish are piled. These shelves reduce 

 compression and facilitate the storage of the fish, the 

 front of each compartment being closed with boards as 

 it becomes full. She generally carries three or four 

 trawl nets, one on her starboard and the other on her 

 port, one or two being down below in reserve. The 

 boat is fitted with four gallows, two forward and two aft, 

 one on each side of the boat. These gallows are 

 used for lifting the otter boards out of the water 

 when the trawl is hauled in. 



The ship carries nine hands, consisting of skipper, mate, 

 boatswain, two deck hands, cook, two engineers and a 

 fireman. 



On the fishing grounds, fishing is continuous. The 

 net is trawled for from two to four hours, although on 

 grounds where fish is plentiful (e.g. Iceland) the trawl 

 is frequently hauled every half-hour. It is then hauled 

 aboard, and the cod end containing the fish is swung 

 over the deck The cod line is unfastened so that the 



