12 A MANUAL OF THE BIBDS OF AUSTRALIA. 



Zealand, with a larger bill and darker throat, less crest still and darker upper 

 coloration. 



7. Eudyptes schlegeli. MACARONI PENGUIN. 



Not figured in Australian works. 



Eudyptes schUgeli Finsch, Trans. New ZeaL Inst., Vol. VIII. , 1875, p. 204, July 1876: 

 Macquarie Island. 



Eudyptes albigularis Milne-Edwards, Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris), Ser. VI., Vol. IX., Art 9, p. 55, 

 (prob. after June) 1880 : Macquarie Island. 



DISTRIBUTION. Straggler to Tasmania (one occurrence near Devonport, Tasmania, Sept. 

 1913). 



Adult (?). " Upper-surface fine dark metallic -blue, upper-surface of wings the 

 same, tail somewhat lighter blue ; under-surface silvery-white, except the throat 

 and chin, which are ashy-white, with a small dark patch a little below the base of 

 beak. Sides of the head below the crest, a darkish grey ; fore-head, bluish-grey. 

 The wings above are of the same tint as the back ; beneath, white, with broad patch 

 of dark blue at the tips, the same at the base, extending somewhat on to body in 

 front of wing ; there is also a border of dark blue on the upper edge, but not extending 

 to the tip. Beak dark red ; feet reddish, webbed, with strong nails. The tail is 

 long for a Penguin, and formed of stiff, narrow feathers. The crest is black, formed 

 of fine pointed feathers, the pale yellow appearing only underneath, and beginning 

 behind the eye. Total length 24 inches ; wing 6, tail 3, foot (on flat, with tarsus) 

 4.5, beak 2, crest 3." (H. Stuart Dove, Ibis, 1915, p. 86 ; Hull, Pec. Austr. Mus., 

 Vol. XII., plate xi., fig. 2, 1918.) 



We have reproduced this account under the above name as the items emphasised 

 by Dove, and the photo reproduced by Hull, seem to refer the specimen to this species. 



Adult of schlegeli. General colour of preceding, but darker and larger, and 

 with lores, chin, throat, sides of head and neck ashy-white ; crest of yellow feathers 

 short and the frontal feathers also yellow, but with dark tips. 



Immature. Paler, crest insignificant, frontal feathers all black. 



Nest. None. 



Egg. Clutch, one ; chalky -white ; 79 mm. by 45. 



Breeding-season. September onwards. 



Distribution. Breeds at Macquarie Island, south of New Zealand, 



FAMILY APTENODYTID^E. 



The family of thin-billed Penguins is composed of large and small species with 

 a more southward distribution than the preceding. Pygoscelis (papua) ranges 

 alongside Aptenodytes (patagonica) with the southernmost species of Eudyptes 

 (schlegeli) in Macquarie Island, but the other large species of Aptenodytes lives with 

 a small species referred to Pygoscelis (but properly Dasyramphus) entirely in the 

 ice-clad Antarctic and these have a large literature which does not concern us. 

 Osteologically there are many differences between the groups, but these have never 

 been systematically studied. 



Genus APTENODYTES. 



Aptenodytes Miller, " Var. Subj. Nat. Hist., pt. iv., pi. 23, 1778." Type (by monotypy) : 



Aptenodytes patagonica Miller. 



Apterodita Scopoli, Del. Flor. Faun. Insub., Vol. II., pt. n., p. 91, 1786. New name for 



"Aptenodytes Miller." 



Pinguinaria Shaw, Mus. Lever., Vol. I., pt. in., p. 144 (pi. dated July 2nd), Nov. 22nd, 1792. 



New name for "Aptenodytes Miller." 



Largest Penguins with long thin bills, long flippers, short tail and stout legs 

 and feet. The bill is long and thin, the upper mandible apparently much shorter 



