MONGOLIAN SAND -DOTTEREL. 165 



Genus CIRREPIDESMUS. 



Cirrepidesmus Bonaparte, Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci. Paris, Vol. XLIIL, p. 417, Sept. 1st, 

 1856. Type (by tautonymy) : Charadrius pyrrhothorax Gould = C. atrifrons Wagler. 



Small Plovers with stout bills, long wings, short legs, and medium-sized feet. 

 The culmen is straight, with a swollen dertrum which is almost half the length of 

 the culmen. The wings are long and pointed with the first primary longest. The 

 tail is short and square. The metatarsus is short and reticulated throughout. 

 The toes are connected by very small webs at the base. No hind-toe. The culmen 

 is shorter than the middle toe without claw. 



114. Cirrepidesmus mongolus. MONGOLIAN SAND-DOTTEREL. 



Gould, Vol. VI., pi. 19 (pt. xxiv.), Sept. 1st, 1846 (small fig.). Mathews, Vol. III., pt. 1, pi. 

 135, April 2nd, 1913. 



Charadrius mongolus Pallas, Reise Russ. Reichs, Vol. III., p. 700, (pref. Feb. 10th, O.S.) 1776 : 



Mongolia. 



Charadrius sanguineus Lesson, Diet. Sci. Nat. (Levrault), Vol. XLIL, p. 35, Sept. 23rd, 1826 : 



Java. 



Charadrius cirrhepidesmos Wagler, Syst. Av. Charadr., sp. 18, p. (61), Oct. 1827 : Hab. 



unknown, Mus., Paris = Java. 



Charadrius gularis Wagler, ib., sp. 40, p. (69). New name for C. mongolus Pallas. 



Hiaticula inornata Gould, Birds Austr., pt. xxiv. (Vol. VI., pi. 19), Sept. 1st, 1846 (small fig.) : 



Torres Straits. 



Charadrius sonneratii Gray, Handl. Gen. Sp. Birds B.M., pt. in., p. 15 (pref. July 8th) 1871. 



In synonymy of C. mongolus Pallas. 



sEgialitis master si Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., Vol. I., p. 135, July 1876 : Cape York, 



North Queensland. 



DISTRIBUTION. Winter visitor to Australia, breeding in the northern hemisphere. 



Adult male in summer-plumage. Lores, feathers surrounding the eye, ear- 

 coverts, and a band across the fore-part of the crown black ; fore-part of head and 

 sides of crown cinnamon -rufous, becoming darker rufous on the hind-neck and 

 continued on to the chest and sides of breast, where it becomes bright chestnut ; 

 fore-head, throat, abdomen, under tail-coverts, and axillaries white ; a very narrow 

 line of black dividing the white of the throat from the rufous chest-band ; lesser 

 under wing-coverts white, more or less spotted with brown ; greater under wing- 

 coverts grey with white at the tips ; middle of crown, back, scapulars, wings, and 

 middle tail-feathers pale brown ; upper tail-coverts inclining to grey fringed with 

 white ; bastard-wing, primary -coverts and quills darker than the back, and inclining 

 to black ; greater wing-coverts and secondaries fringed with white at the tips ; 

 outer tail-feathers paler than the middle ones, and tipped with white, the outermost 

 pair white on the outer web ; bill and iris black ; feet lead -grey. Total length 

 204 mm. ; culmen 17, wing 135, tail 52, tarsus 31. 



Adult female in summer-plumage. Similar to the adult male but the characters 

 on the head less pronounced. 



Adult in winter-plumage. Distinguished from the nuptial-dress by the absence 

 of cinnamon-rufous on the head and hind-neck, and the rufous and black bands on 

 the fore-neck, these parts being represented by greyish-brown more sparsely on the 

 fore-neck ; fore-head and eyebrow white without any black band on the former ; 

 lores, cheeks, and ear-coverts brown. 



Nestling with down adhering. Top of head brown ; fore-head white down, sides 

 of head black and white down, the markings almost linear and meeting at back ; 

 nape of neck white down ; back brown feathers with minute pale rufous tips ; lower 

 back still with black and white mottled down ; tail black down ; wing-coverts 

 pale brown with pale rufous edges tipped with down ; primaries just sprouting 

 brown ; throat white down ; chest fawnish feathering with brown at sides ; 

 abdomen fawnish-white. 



