1 1 



ipllte distinct I'nrm^ of cepha Inpm I-. .1, 



species; thi- investigation i- yet in it- Infancy, but win 



improbably rcMilt in :i emi>idcrah|c reduclinn M|' tin 

 manv of which :irc alivadv known In lie i n-iillieient I \ 



acterized. 



The specialization of .-m :inn for reproductive pmpn-.es m the 



Cephalopoda is curiously paralleled in 1 In- ;i r:iclinid:i. a- in - 

 specie^ of spiders certain parts of the |:ilpi of ti 

 transformed for tlir same purpose into spnoii-^lmprd 

 to lilt- loss of tlu 1 licctncot \ li/.cd nrill. wliirli ;it lr:i~' 



usiiMlly iii sonic iivnrr:i. SkSfour of them liavr 1" d in 



tin- iniinth- opening of :i Mnidi- I'cniMli' Octopu^, tln-n- i- n<> doiil.l 

 that anotlu'i 1 arm is dcN-clopcil to take its place. :md 

 |r.l>al)K- that these sueevedini;- arms may lu- heet ocot \ li/ed like 

 t he lir>i. 



\Ve have already shown that in the male Nautilus the four 

 inner ventral tentacles become united into a <o-enlled 

 which is now believed to perform in the let rabranchiatr-- the 

 oiliee of a hectocotyle. 



M. Steenstrup observes that it is evident this pcciili.-n- -i 



tnre, sonietinies <^f one pair of :inns. sometimes of a not her. ^oine- 



tinu's to the riii'ht, sometimes to the left, sometimes at the 



summit, sometimes at the ba>e. etc.. must involve many ditfer- 



encea in the mode of fixation of the spermatic maMM or -p.-rmat- 



ophores on the females, and (inasmuch as the ^-nieii 



-eem to be poured upon the i-o-^-s by involuntary or mechanical. 



but by conscious moveiiu-nts) in the manner in which fecn 



tion is effected. This is confirmed by observation. Tin- I 



malic masses are in reality fixed on very dilferent i d in 



very dilferent conditions namely, in tin- L r en< 



tenthisand F.oliuo (coii^'iiiu-nt ly all tho-e in which he ha- found 



Hie left ventral arm hectocotyli/ed ) t he -.perma'ic BUMC 



on the internal surface of tin- bnccal membrane of the females, 



which is specially or^ani/ed for tint pn \hiUt in tin- 



other dccapoda he has never found tin- sperm- lived in t ! 



but on various parts nf the nianth' or of the interior nr-.-n 



Ommastrephes. for example, far back in U* -f the mantle. 



toward^ the middle parl of the back. 



