120 NORTH AMERICAN DIPTKRA. 



short, rarely elongated. Abdomen composed of four or five 

 segments ; genitalia of the males but little exposed ; the ovi- 

 positor jointed, more or less projecting. Wings rather large ; 

 auxiliary vein present, ending steeply and obscurely in or 

 near the border ; posterior basal cell and the anal cell distinct, 

 the latter often drawn out into an acute, often prolonged, 

 point. Wings usually with dark markings. Legs moderately 

 long ; tibiae without preapical bristle. Proboscis moderately 

 long, usually with broad labella, sometimes long, and the nar- 

 row labella folding backwards. 



This family comprises a large number of rather small flies 

 usually with prettily marked wings. The larvae are not elon- 

 gate, conical and round ; the posterior stigmata lie free in two 

 separated small, chitinous platelets, forming three radiating 

 depressions; antennae short, two-jointed; mouth hooklets 

 separated, thick and strong; anal end somewhat impressed, 

 often in the middle with six, small, fleshy points. Puparia 

 elliptical, the anterior stigmata projecting somewhat button- 

 like. The larvse of Ceratitis live in the flesh of oranges and 

 lemons, those of Aciura have been found at the base of the 

 flower stems of Phlomls, those of Adda mining in the leaves 

 of Rumex, those of Spttographa, mining in the leaves of 

 Senecio, or Arctium or bred from the berries of Solanuin 

 carolinensis, in the fruit of Prunus and Lonicera, etc.; those 

 of Ensina, in the blossoms of Senchus; those of Tephritis 

 in the blossoms and galls of the steins or roots of various com- 

 positae; those of Carphotricha in the galls and roots of 

 Achillea, the flowers of Nieracium, etc. those of Trype.ta in 

 the heads of Cirsinm, Centaurea, etc., and in stems of plants. 



TABLE OF GENERA. 



1. Ovipositor of female remarkably elongated and curved; second longi- 



tudinal vein usually with an anterior branch. TOXOTKYPANA Gerst. 

 Ovipositor not remarkably elongated and curved 2 



2. Front on each side with a bristle having a terminal, leaf-like appendage. 



CERATITES Macleay. 

 Front without such bristles. . . > 



