MANUAL OF GENEEAL AGRICULTURE. 75 



3. Planting the Cuttings. The cuttings can either be 

 planted in the field or in the nursery. If they are to be 

 planted directly in the field, planting may be done the fol- 

 lowing March as described below. Owing to the fact that 

 only from 50 to 80 per cent of the cuttings will take root, 

 or form vigorous roots, it is usual and far more desirable 

 to transfer the cuttings to the nursery in March, allowing 

 them to take root and remain there one year. (This is 

 the method we shall pursue.) At the end of that time 

 only vigorous rooted cuttings need be used and thus a 

 much more perfect stand in the vineyard can be obtained. 

 In planting in the nursery rows, make the rows four feet 

 apart for horse cultivation and two feet apart for hand 

 cultivation, in either case planting them three to four 

 inches apart in the rows. The nursery should be in loose, 

 moist soil so that a good root system will develope. Leave 

 the upper bud just above the surface of the ground. 



4. Transferring to Vineyard. A year later when 

 planting in the vineyard it is customary in heavy soils to 

 plant 8 by 8 feet apart, but in light soils 12 by 12 feet 

 apart, laying out the vineyard the same as an orchard. 

 Dig the holes the width of a spade and the length of the 

 cutting in depth. Leave the top soil to one side so that it 

 can be put into the hole first when filling. 



When all or a part of the holes are dug, dig up tho 

 cuttings and if not very moist place them in water for at 

 least 24 hours ; otherwise transfer directly to the vineyard 

 after digging and plant as soon as possible in any case 

 the same day, but before planting trim the roots back to 

 from 2 to 3 inches. In planting place a cutting in a hole 

 and shovel in the top soil first so that when the cutting is 

 leaning against the side of the hole there will be one bud 

 just above the surface of the ground when the filling is 

 complete. Continue filling the hole until it is about half 

 full, then tramp down with the foot. Continue filling the 

 hole so that when the hole is completely filled the bottom 

 soil is on top. Again tramp down the soil about the cut- 

 ting and finally leave a soil mulch over the entire area 

 covered. 



