EVAPORATED MILK STERILIZING 145 



the cost of manufacture. It should, therefore, be made use of 

 only in exceptional cases, when it is known that a certain batch 

 of milk could not be put through the higher sterilizing tempera- 

 tures without causing the product to become permanently curdy. 



Standardization of Properties that Influence Behavior of 

 Evaporated Milk toward Heat of Sterilization. In the foregoing 

 discussion of the sterilizing process no mention was made of 

 methods to standardize the behavior of evaporated milk toward 

 the sterilizing heat. It was clearly pointed out that, in the 

 absence of such methods, it is impossible to lay down any one 

 formula for sterilization that would give uniformly satisfactory 

 results under diverse conditions of the product to be sterilized. 

 The chemical, physical and physiological properties of milk are 

 ever changing, and even slight changes in these properties often 

 cause wide variations in the amount of heat the product will 

 stand in the sterilizer. This in turn necessitates constant changes 

 and modifications of the process, if a marketable product is to 

 be the result. Too much must be left to the judgment and 

 power of observation of the processer and this situation ob- 

 viously results in excessive numbers of defective batches and 

 in costly losses and wastes. 



The standardization of evaporated milk for percentage of 

 fat and solids alone materially assists in narrowing down the 

 range of variations in the behavior of the milk in the sterilizer, 

 but it fails to adequately control those properties which have 

 the greatest influence on the sensitiveness of this product toward 

 sterilizing heat. This problem has confronted the manufacturer 

 of evaporated milk from the very beginning of the industry. 

 Much experimental work has been done in an effort toward its 

 permanent solution, but the results have largely been of local 

 and temporary success and usefulness only. 



Within recent years the Mojonnier Bros. Co. of Chicago 

 have developed and have furnished the industry with a simple, 

 practical and systematic method and suitable equipment, for 

 controlling the properties of this complex product with such 

 a degree of accuracy that the adoption of a standard sterilizing 

 formula has become feasible and practicable. 



