OF SAVAGE MAN. 49 



4. Incapacity for intellectual or moral education. 



5. Immorality of all kinds ; debauchery ; the social evil. 



6. Depraved tastes, including especially intemperance. 



7. Crime, especially theft for instance, by the profes- 

 sional thieves of London, or by the frequenters of, or loafers 

 at, the Liverpool docks. 



8. Cruelty to each other, of a kind that it is a libel on 

 other animals to designate * brutality' for instance, wife- 

 kicking by the Lancashire navvy. 



It is of importance to note in how many respects the 

 mental condition of savages corresponds with that of the 

 child. Thus we are told that mentally the Australian abori- 

 gines are 'mere children,' finding 'amusement only in 

 childish tricks and trifles. . . . They cannot be taught any 

 principles. . . . They know no sentiment .... but only 

 unbridled passions and the sense of their nothingness 

 against the white races' (Madame Bingmann). Again, the 

 East African negro ' combines all the incapacity and credu- 

 lity of childhood with the obstinacy and stupidity of age ' 

 (Burton). 



It is a corollary from the psychical parallelism that 

 exists between the children of civilised races with certain of 

 the lower animals on the one hand, and savage adult man on 

 the other, that, as Houzeau and so many other authors point 

 out, savage man is intellectually and morally indistinguish- 

 able from many of the unfortunately so-called ' lower ' 

 animals. According to Owen, Agassiz, Huxley, and others 

 of our most celebrated naturalists, there is no distinction 

 between the psychical phenomena of a Bosjesman adult, or 

 of an European infant, or of a mature cretin, and those of 

 such animals as the chimpanzee, save in degree, if even that 

 difference always exists. Where it does exist, it is not 

 necessarily in favour of man. 



Darwin and other writers have drawn a comparison 

 between savage men and certain other animals in respect, 

 for instance, of morals not in favour of man. Pierquin 

 asserts the superiority of the lower animals', and no doubt 

 his assertion is well founded as between certain intelligent, 

 well-educated, and well-behaved dogs, horses, elephants, 



