SUPREMACY OF MAN. 119 



are the equals of certain men, while they are the- superiors 

 or inferiors of certain others. The human infant or child, at 

 particular stages of its growth, is psychically on a par with 

 some of the lower animals ; whole races of savage man never 

 attain the moral or mental development of certain dogs, 

 while man of the highest culture is facile princeps of the 

 moral and intellectual world here below. 



Civilised man possesses the following elements of supe- 

 riority over other animals : 



1. The power of speech. 



2. The use of hands. 



3. Knowledge of the arts of 



(a) Writing. (d) Glass-making. 



(6) Printing. (e) Cooking, 



(c) Metallurgy. 



4. The production and applications of fire. 



It is extremely difficult for man to realise the magnitude 

 or importance of these advantages in the development of his 

 moral and mental nature, and to make all due allowance for 

 the disadvantage under which other animals labour in the 

 non-possession of these accomplishments. The influence of 

 dumbness, for instance, in man in the non-development of 

 mental power has been pointed out by Huxley and other 

 writers. But be it remembered always that some at least 

 of these advantages are possessed by only a limited number 

 of men even of civilised men as has been f ally pointed out 

 in other chapters. 



On the other hand, dogs or other animals that may be 

 considered in their way civilised or humanised both as 

 regards the individual and the race or breed that have been 

 subjected to persistent and judicious training by man ex- 

 hibit a manifest superiority to whole races or classes of man, 

 both civilised and savage, in the following respects, which 

 include the noisiest of the human virtues : 



1. Heroism, patriotism, self-sacrifice. 



2. Compassion or sympathy, charity, benevolence, for- 

 giveness. 



3. Love and adoration of a master. 



4. Fidelity to trust, duty, or friendship. 



