250 SELF-EDUCATION: THE ACQUISITION OF 



persons and the appreciation of their relation to the animal 

 observer. A terrier that had a very marked attachment to 

 its master's house roused the whole household one night 

 because one of several bars or bolts had not been shot in the 

 front door had been forgotten, in fact, when the door was 

 locked and barred for the night (' Animal World '). 



A deer hound of Berkeley's knew whether its master was 

 in or out of the house by looking for his hat in the lobby. 

 If the hat was gone and its master was out, it went to the 

 highest window in the house and looked for him in every 

 direction. Eooks distinguish a man that carries from one 

 who does not carry a gun, regarding the one as dangerous, 

 the other as harmless (Watson). A similar practical dis- 

 tinction between armed and unarmed men is made by 

 baboons and apes, the hippopotamus, eagle, buzzard, and 

 many other animals, flight being a common result in the one 

 case, composure in the other. The fishing cormorant of 

 China knows its own boat that to which it is attached in a 

 whole fleet of fishing boats (Fennel). The military horse 

 knows the uniform of its regiment. Many dogs recognise 

 their masters' property when stolen or lost. 



As regards recognition of place or locality, very little 

 need be said. So-called * railway dogs ' know the several 

 railway stations, and, on stoppage of the train, get out of 

 or remain in the train, as the case may be. Cats recognise 

 home after an absence (Watson). Many migratory birds 

 that return year after year to the same nests or nesting 

 places must know them by some sort of headmark. Bees 

 distinguish their own hives (Kirby and Spence). 



It is its keenness of observation that leads the dog at once 

 to perceive anything unusual in its master's looks, manner, or 

 habits, and gives rise to suspicion or discovery of his in- 

 tentions (Houzeau). And it is the superior closeness of 

 observation, the more incessant carefulness or watchfulness, 

 on the part of dogs and cats as compared with man, that 

 lead him to give the animals in question credit for certain 

 kinds of presentiment or prevision for instance, as to threat- 

 ened danger. 



Without any sort of outward indication, by reading 



