68 Modern Dogs. 



be long (4^in.) and wide with open nostrils. Ears 

 set on low and lying close to the cheek. 



2. The neck (value 5) must be long and clean, 

 without the slightest throatiness. It should taper 

 nicely from the shoulders to the head, and the upper 

 outline should be slightly convex. 



3. The shoulders (value 10) should be long, and 

 well clothed with muscle without being heavy, 

 especially at the points. They must be well sloped, 

 and the true arm between the front and the elbow 

 must be long and muscular, but free from fat or 

 lumber. 



4. Chest and back ribs (value 10). The chest 

 should girth over 3oin. in a 24in. hound, and the 

 back ribs must be very deep. 



5. The back and loin (value 10) must both be 

 very muscular, running into each other without any 

 contraction or " nipping" between them. The 

 couples must be wide even to raggedness, and there 

 should be the very slightest arch in the loin, so as to 

 be scarely perceptible. 



6. The hind quarters (value 10) or propellers are 

 required to be very strong, and, as endurance is of 

 even more consequence than speed, straight stifles are 

 preferred to those much bent, as in the greyhound. 



7. Elbows (value 5) set quite straight, and neither 

 turned in nor out, are a sine qua non. They must be 



