34 ROAD, PARK, AND SCHOOL 



pesade or any of the high airs of the manage. But 

 when I speak of this lifting effect of the bit, I must 

 not be understood to attribute to that instrument 

 the power of raising the dead-weight of the animal 

 from the ground. I have frequently said that the 

 bit must never be used with violence ; and to raise 

 the horse requires very delicate handling of its 

 mouth, or its struggle against a severe use of the 

 bit would produce disunion and heaviness. The 

 rider raises the horse by carrying back, with the 

 bit, the forces of the forehand ; the spurs bring the 

 hind-legs of the animal under the mass, and, when 

 the bit further lightens the forehand, induce the 

 hind- quarters to take the weight. In this way the 

 horse that has been taught to obey the aids can be 

 raised at the will of the rider. If it be intended that 

 the horse so raised shall spring from the hind-legs, 

 the bit will release the forehand and the spurs will 

 demand action from the hind-quarters. 



Until the rider can take a low leap in perfect 

 form, he should not try anything difficult. But 

 when practice and care have made him expert, 

 the bar may be raised two or three inches each 

 day until the limit I have fixed has been reached. 



A horse can leap very readily from a collected 

 trot all the high movements of the manage are 

 made from the passage and the changes of motion 



