RIDING AND TRAINING. 4! 



the spurs to drive the horse along, and prevent it 

 coming to a halt from which it can again rise. 



Should the rider find it necessary, when the horse 

 rears, to take some support to retain his seat, he 

 should seize the mane ; but he must take care not 

 to pull upon the reins. Should the horse refuse to 

 advance, the rider should bend its head to either 

 side, 1 which will prevent the horse rising in front ; 

 and if the spur of the side to which the head of the 

 horse is bent be applied, the animal may be turned 

 about a few times, when it will most likely be willing 

 to go in any direction the rider pleases. 



But should the horse rear, in spite of the efforts 

 of the rider, and the sinking of the croup show that 

 the animal is about to fall backwards, the man 

 should disentangle himself from the stirrups, seize 

 the mane, and drop to ground upon the side opposite 

 to that to which the horse is falling. In riding a 

 horse that is given to this vice, the result of bad 

 training, the reader should bear in mind that the 

 animal cannot rear so long as it is kept moving. 



Shouldering. If the horse try to rub the knee of 

 the rider against a wall, its efforts may be frustrated 

 by the rider pulling the head of the animal towards 

 the wall. 



Plunging. Should the horse plunge, or kick 



1 See Fig. 9. 



