RIDING AND TRAINING. 121 



assistance of the wall. To make a demi-volte to the 

 right, the horse will be placed with its left side near 

 the wall. The horse will then be collected, and the 

 forehand, led and governed by the right snaffle rein 

 (supported by the opposite curb rein, carried against 

 the outside of the neck by the bridle hand held to 

 the right), should move upon the greater circum- 

 ference of a half-circle, while the croup passes along 

 an inner circumference, until the rider brings the 

 horse back to the wall at the distance, from the 

 place he started from, of the diameter of the circle. 

 (See DIAGRAM.) 



During this demi-volte, the horse must be at the 

 proper angle to each point of the circumference, the 

 forehand slightly in advance of the croup, the head 

 bent to the right. The demi-volte should first be 

 upon circles of a large diameter, and as the horse 

 improves in its knowledge of the aids, the demi- 

 voltes may be reduced in size. 



In the same manner, the aids being changed, the 

 horse may be made to traverse in lines and demi- 

 voltes to the left, by means of the direct snaffle, 

 supported by the opposite curb. When the horse 

 will traverse to the right and to the left at the in- 

 dications of the two bits, the snaffle may be gradually 

 dispensed with, and the horse ridden in the same 

 movements in the curb bit. The bridle hand will 



