LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ON WOOD. xxvii 



232. An ancient fireplace : utilization and loss of heat 341 



233. A modern fireplace : radiation ot the heat 341 



234. An ordinary modern fireplace 342 



235. Modern fireplace with movable blowers 342 



236. Douglas Gal ton's ventilating fireplace 343 



237. Ventilating fireplace, on Joly's system 344 



238. Heating and ventilating stove 346 



239. Section of a north country stove 346 



240. A stove in .Russia 347 



241. Hot air heating apparatus 350 



242. Hot water heating apparatus 352 



243. Perkins's high-pressure system of heating by hot water 353 



244. An icehouse 358 



245. The clothes of the Esquimaux 360 



246. Davy's first safety-lamp, with cage 362 



247. Miner's safety-lamp, with cage and glass tube 362 



248. Section of one of Combe's lamps 363 



249. Automatic stewpan 364 



250. A burning mirror 266 



251. Berniere's burning-glass 368 



252. A burning-glass with polyzonal lenses 369 



253. Gridiron pendulum 370 



254. Leroy's compensation pendulum 370 



255. Graham's compensation pendulum 372 



256. Ellicott's compensation pendulum 372 



257. Compensated balance 374 



258. Dent's compensation balance 375 



259. The alembic, a distilling apparatus 377 



260. Laugier's apparatus for the distillation of alcohol 378 



261. Coffey's apparatus for the distillation of alcohol 379 



262. Salt-pits in the west of France 381 



263. Graduation pile for the evaporation of salt waters 382 



264. Carry's apparatus for the artificial manufacture of ice 384 



265. Carre's large apparatus for the artificial manufacture of ice .... 385 



266. Ice-pail 386 



267. Goubaud's ice-machine 386 



268. Rocking ice-machine 386 



269. Fanrly ice-machine 387 



270. The eolipyle of Hero of Alexandria 390 



271. Solomon de Caus's apparatus 390 



272. Papin's first steam-engine 393 



273. The essential parts of the steam-engine 395 



274. Boiler, with heaters (exterior view) 397 



275. Boiler, with two heaters (cross section) 398 



276. Boiler, with two heaters (longitudinal section) 399 



277. Lethuilier-Pinel's magnetic gauge 403 



278. An open pressure-gauge 404 



279. A compressed air pressure-gauge 404 



