xxx LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ON WOOD. 



371. Morse's manipulator 576 



372. Another pattern of Morse's manipulator 576 



373. Indicator of the Morse telegraph 577 



374. Froment's relay 578 



375. The Morse telegraphic apparatus, with relay 578 



376. Indicator of the Morse-Digney system 579 



377. Telegraphic station on the Morse-Digney system 580 



378. Facsimile of a Morse message 581 



379. Vocabulary of the Morse system 582 



380. Eelation between the type- shaft and printing-shaft 584 



381. Mechanism of the keys the working of the vertical shaft and the 



chariot in Hughes's telegraph 588 



382. Directions of the currents in Hughes's telegraph 589 



383. Printing machinery in Hughes's system 590 



384. The " perforator," for cutting out the message on the paper ribbon . . 592 



385. Perforated message on paper ribbon 593 



386. Wheatstone's automatic " transmitter " 594 



387. Wheatstone's " dot " automatic printer 594 



388. Perforated ribbon and printing by Wheatstone's " dot " automatic system 595 



389. Automatic " dot " and " dash " message, printed from the perforated 



paper ribbon 596 



390. Principle of Caselli's autographic telegraph 598 



391. Facsimile of a drawing reproduced by Caselli's pantelegraph .... 600 



392. Caselli's pantelegraph 601 



393. Transmitter and indicator of Caselli's pantelegraph 602 



394. Meyer's pantelegraph 604 



395. Telegraphic air lines ; suspending posts ; insulators 608 



396. Mushroom insulators : annular insulator 608 



397. Stretching winches for telegraphic lines 609 



398. English stretcher ; Siemens' and Halske's system 610 



399. Stretcher on German lines 610 



400. Submarine cables : outside view and section 612 



401. Transatlantic cables of the line from Valentia to Newfoundland 613 



402. Transatlantic cable from Brest to St. Peter's, laid in 1867 : sections 614 



403. Section of Thomson's galvanometer in the telegraphic apparatus of the 



transatlantic cable at Brest 617 



404. Transatlantic telegraph from Brest to St. Peter's general view of 



Thomson's receiving apparatus 618 



405. Daniell's battery employed in telegraphy 621 



406. Marie Davy's sulphate of mercury battery 621 



407. Breguet's vibrating alarum ........ 623 



408. Aubine's vibrating alarum, with catch . . . . . .623 



409. M. Ansell's fire-damp indicator ".-.'.- 624 



410. Br^guet's lightning-conductor 626 



411. Lightning-conductor on the French telegraphic lines 626 



412. Siemens' and Halske's lightning conductor . . . S. . : . . . . 628 



413. Lightning-conductor on the Belgian lines . .-,.-. 628 



414. Garnier's electric regulator : transmitting apparatus 634 



