666 



THE APPLICATIONS OF PHYSICAL FORCES. [BOOK v. 



magnets employed in the smaller Gramme machines are on the 

 improved construction of M. Jamin. 



FIG. 436. Gramme machine for metallic precipitations. 



Fig. 436 represents a machine constructed with electro-magnets in 

 1872 by M. Gramme, which, with six others of the same kind, is in 



