COFFEE IN SOUTHERN INDIA. 37 



more care is also taken to keep the estates clean, but 

 cattle do not thrive in Ceylon, and manure, being 

 procured with difficulty, is not often applied. The 

 planters are more favourably situated with regard to 

 roads, police, and general executive administration in 

 Ceylon than in India ; this fact arising probably from 

 their different status in the two countries. In Ceylon 

 the planting community are influential men, forming a 

 large body of the tax-paying class ; their produce is the 

 chief article of export, exceeding in value two millions 

 yearly ; their interests are represented in the Council 

 by their own delegate, and special legislation has been 

 put in force for their benefit. Until lately, members 

 of both branches of the services engaged in the pur- 

 suit, and interested themselves in forwarding the 

 interests of the planters, and from the Governor down- 

 wards scarcely a man in the colony, but was in some 

 measure connected with the fascinating speculation ; 

 and although the connection of Government servants 

 with commercial pursuits is now forbidden, the spirit 

 that was then awakened has not slumbered, and 

 planters are recognized as worthy the encouragement 

 and protection of the Legislature. 



In India, unfortunately, the old exclusive spirit, 

 which would govern " India for the services/' has not 

 yet become extinct. The most obvious reforms are 

 urged in vain. Except in some few districts, the 

 planter experiences much difficulty even in procuring 

 possession of and title to land. The most incompetent 

 members of the services are frequently deputed to the 

 charge of the districts where the unlucky Europeans 

 most congregate, and every representation and request 



