THE OTHER HARDWOODS 169 



it will usually be most remunerative to utilise 

 them about their sixtieth or seventieth year, so 

 that underplanting may take place for the benefit 

 of the main crop ; whereas, if grown with beech, 

 they can remain as long as they are sound and 

 continue to increase at a profitable rate. No dog- 

 matism can be safely hazarded as of general applica- 

 tion in such cases, for the whole of the operations 

 of Forestry are so essentially ruled by local con- 

 siderations and market requirements, that only the 

 principles of management can be broadly sketched ; 

 while these very principles themselves, as well as 

 their particular application, must be modified by 

 what promises to be most advantageous under the 

 given conditions and the future prospects of the 

 timber market. 



When grown in highwoods with oak, ash and 

 sycamore will often, on being felled and removed, 

 throw up a sufficient crop of stool-shoots together 

 with ash-suckers, to obviate any necessity for 

 spending much in the formation of underwood ; 

 and if the canopy has been at all light previously, 

 there may be quite a large number of self-sown 

 seedlings on the ground, chiefly of sycamore. 

 Where such conditions obtain, on the better 



