PREFACE TO TKE EEYIoZD TDITIOX. VU 



ing, aniinally,'\vill yield best resnlt-s. My own experience, 

 wirli pears esi»ee'ally, is, tiiat the largest crops aiul finest 

 fruit are obtained by keeping the ground among the trees 

 clean and well pulverized, but not so deeply worked as to 

 disturb the roots. Under this metiiod less manure is re- 

 cpiired than when tlie ground is kept in grass. 



The depredations of insects continue to increase and 

 neither tine fruits, nor garden products of any kind, can 

 be secured without prompt and energetic efforts to re])cl 

 their attacks. In regard to those insects which are well 

 known as enemies to the fruit groAver, and referred to in 

 the proper place, notliing ne.w in regard to remedies has 

 been discovered, unless it be the api)lication of Pai-is green 

 to prevent the attacks of the codling moth on the apple. 

 This will be described in the chapter on Insects and 

 Diseases; while it cannot, at this writing, be regarded as 

 a complete success, enough has been done to justify us 

 in saying that it is promising. If successful, it will be a 

 great boon to the oichardists of tliis country, whose an- 

 nual losses by the ravages of this pest amount to millions 

 of dollars. 



I have here referred to tiiese subjects at more length 

 than may seem proper, because it will naturally be ex- 

 pected that in a period of ten years of great activity and 

 intelligent investigation, some new light ought to be 

 thrown upon them. I trust that the next ten years will 

 be more fruitful in this respect. P. B. 



May, 1883. 



