SPRAYING 115 



this disease be done very early. So important 

 is this trouble that growers usually designate 

 their first spray as the "scab spray" and put 

 it on just when the pink is showing in the clus- 

 ters of bloom buds. For this purpose any good 

 fungicide is used, but most commonly a dilute 

 lime sulphur solution. 



Bitter rot is a disease wintering in old can- 

 kers which it has formed on the branches of the 

 trees. The spores are produced rather late in 

 the season and it becomes a disease of the 

 mature fruit. Late summer spraying with Bor- 

 deaux Mixture is the stock treatment for this 

 trouble, but the grower will also do well to 

 examine his trees for branches containing the 

 source of the trouble and cut them out. The 

 same precautions should be taken against black 

 rot which is very similar. 



Cedar rust is one of those curious diseases 

 which must pass its life on two different host 

 plants. One season it produces the peculiar ex- 

 crescences which are called "cedar apples" on 

 the twigs of the red cedar tree. The next year 

 these cedar apples produce many spores which 

 in turn pass the trouble back to the orchard. 

 The disease causes a curious orange spot on 

 the foliage and the leaves that are so affected 

 fall off in mid-summer leaving the tree bare. 

 Where there are no cedar trees this disease 

 can not exist, but if it is impossible to remove 



