242 TRAVEL, ADVENTURE, AXD SPORT. 



which had recently been laid open. In many places 

 the hill of the Uparkot sounds quite hollow. Strik- 

 ing even an ordinary stick on the ground, and still 

 more one with a metal ring upon it, we may easily 

 detect that there are excavations below, or, at least, 

 great hollows of some sort. Those which have been 

 laid open are rock-excavations, mainly Budhistic in 

 character, and resembling the more famous rock- 

 temples of Elephanta, Karli, and Ellora. One of 

 them is clearly a Biidhist Chaitya or temple, with the 

 Budhist cross sculptured all round on the cornice, with 

 the heads of elephants on some of the pillars as in the 

 great cave-temple of Karli, and with human figures, 

 the heads being of the ordinary Budhist type. This 

 temple has evidently been the more private temple, 

 or prayer-room, of a fraternity of Budhist monks, 

 dormitories having been excavated all round it. 

 Similar, but smaller, excavations exist on the outer 

 slopes of the old fort ; and the whole place is well 

 worthy of a more systematic examination than I could 

 give to it, and of further excavation being carried 

 out on a large scale. 



"\Vithout going deeply into antiquarian matters, 

 certain large glimpses, as it were, of the past come 

 upon us as we ascend from these ancient under- 

 ground rock-temples, and, seating ourselves on the 

 base of one of the pillars of the Jununa musjid, 

 look over the plains of Junaghar towards the sea. 

 In the outcast pariahs who act as coolies or porters, 



