28 UNIVERSAL EVOLUTION 



Calcium 3.50 



Magnesium 2.62 



Sodium 2.63 



Potassium . 2.32 



Total 98.95 



The elements forming less than one per cent, but 

 more than one-tenth of one per cent of the earth's crust, 

 are titanium, hydrogen, and carbon. It will be seen from 

 these figures that neither the common compounds, nor 

 the common elements, are bewildering in number. Ex- 

 amples of the chief rock-forming minerals can be found 

 in nearly every locality." (Paddock) 



The materials of the sun, planets, stars, and nebulae are 

 essentially the same as those of the earth. The spectro- 

 scope has revealed this fact. The elements of which 

 the earth is composed, when heated to incandescence, 

 produce, in the spectrum, the same lines that some 

 parts of the light of the sun, and stars, and the nebulae 

 produce. This is a weighty piece of evidence in favor 

 of the theory that earth, sun, and planets are all por- 

 tions of the same primeval nebula. "In the spectrum 

 every 'element' gives a perfectly distinct set of lines 

 or bands ; so that the spectroscopist may take any sub- 

 stance and heating it to incandescence, know from the 

 characteristic lines, exactly what elements it con- 

 tains." (Snyder). 



LA PLACE AND KANT. Neither La Place, nor Kant, 

 knew of this evidence, yet they gave the theory the sup- 

 port of their names upon the evidence of other facts; 

 La Place deducing it from the theory of probabilities. 

 Kant maintained the nebular theory, which is directly 

 subversive of special creation and, also, contended that 



