180 UNIVERSAL EVOLUTION 



tion. That is, the great majority of the people are 

 spending their lives in doing in a little higher degree 

 just what the lower animals are doing in a less degree. 



An animal 's existence in the wild state is a struggle ; 

 that is, an effort for existence only. If he can get 

 enough to eat. and defend himself from his enemies, 

 that is the sum total of his life. That is the business to 

 which he devotes his mind. The man who gives himself 

 up to industry or business does practically the same 

 thing. His brain, of course, is very far superior to that 

 of the animal's. But that extra brain, the difference 

 in nerve structure between him and the animal, he 

 devotes as a rule to higher quality of struggle, for 

 higher physical existence only; the animal hunts and 

 grazes, if a carnivora, he captures his prey; the man 

 cultivates the ground for his vegetable sustentation, 

 and selects his animal food by domestication. The 

 animal wears the dress that grows upon his skin; the 

 man selects his material and manufactures clothing. 

 The man makes a fire, and cooks his food; the animal 

 eats his raw. The animal as a rule (there being some 

 exceptions), dwells and sleeps in the places he finds at 

 hand without any contrivance or mechanism on his 

 part; man builds himself houses of some kind in which 

 to live, with artificial tools. The animal uses only the 

 tools nature has given him. Man makes tools from the 

 inorganic substances, which do his work in a variety 

 of ways. The rlonkey, given his head, finds water in 

 the desert that his intelligent driver cannot find; but 

 the former is unable to construct a pouch by which 

 water can be carried on the journey. Instinct is con- 

 fined to one line of action, but intelligence can choose 

 from many. 



The animal changes localities on foot, or wing, or by 



