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action? But this new choice came with enlarged de- 

 velopment of the same nervous matter which he pos- 

 sessed when he had but one choice. It was a growth, 

 in larger degree, of the same controlling cerebrum 

 which he has always possessed. If it is a difference in 

 kind, where did it come from? In such cases it would 

 not be an evolution, but a special creation. If the 

 latter, out of what was it created? Is Bergson not put- 

 ting the label "New Kind" upon the enlargement, by 

 variation, of the same old neural canalization of proto- 

 plasmic response to objective stimulation? In evolution, 

 every organism is different from all others, in degree 

 only, not in kind. One is made of the same protoplasm 

 and simple elements, that all others are. 



Nerve molecular motion produces a relation between 

 objects. This relation is consciousness. It is a condi- 

 tion produced by cerebral activity. If consciousness 

 is anything more, than the arrangement, or metabolism 

 of the living molecules in the brain, what becomes of it, 

 when it is temporarily lost, for instance, by a blow on 

 the head, and when by a surgical operation it returns? 

 Holmes reasons thus: "A man is stunned by a blow, 

 and becomes unconscious, another gets a harder blow, 

 and it kills him. Does he (the latter) become uncon- 

 scious too? If so when, and how does he come to his 

 consciousness? The man who has had a slight and 

 moderate blow, comes to himself when the immediate 

 shock passes off, and the organs begin to work again, 

 or when a bit of skull is pried up, if that happens to be 

 broken. Suppose the blow is hard enough to spoil the 

 brain, and stop the play of the organs, what happens 

 then?" (Richard A. Proctor.) Which is the more 

 reasonable supposition, that the entity, that does the 

 thinking, "goes off" and awaits the trepanning in the 



