June, 1938] The Transportation of New Hampshire Milk 



23 



kets together with the standard deviation and the range of those rates 

 have been calculated. 



RATE CHARGED -CENTS PER CWT. 

 C> lO 20 30 40 O 10 20 30 40 



AIR MILES 

 FEOM MABKET 



O- 1.^ 



LANCA5TEI2. 



Figure 6. Average rates charged producers living various distances from 



Nashua and Lancaster. 



The rate structures about these markets are quite different. As seen 

 in Figure 6, rates increase regularly with distance from market in the 

 Lancaster area, but do not in the Nashua area. Indeed, if the two 

 most distant groups (comprising only four producers) are disregarded, 

 there" is a definite tendency for rates in the Nashua milkshed to de- 

 crease with distance from market. Such a rate structure is contrary to 

 that expected under competitive conditions where rates would tend to 

 vary with the transportation services rendered. While uniform condi- 

 tions are not found in either of these areas, nevertheless, the variation 

 in density of production or size of farm is probably not so great as to 

 warrant any very great difference in charges between producers living 

 the same distance from market. Actually, the range and standard de- 

 viation found in most groups in the Nashua area exceed very much 

 those in the Lancaster area. In both milksheds, there is considerable 

 variation in charges to individual producers that cannot be accounted 

 for by differences in amount of milk shipped, production densities of 

 farms, or road conditions. 



This comparison of rates charged producers living within the same 

 radius of the market is complicated by the tendency of production to 

 be concentrated about some roads and sections and scattered about 



