306 GLOSSARY. 



Germination, the act of sprouting ; the beginning of vegetation in a 



seed or plant. 



Glen, a valley ; a dale ; a depression or chasm between two hills. 



Glumes, the husks or chaff" of corn. 



Gluten, a vegetable substance allied to gelatin. 



Gneiss, a rock consisting of the same substances as granite, but strati- 

 fied, or arranged in layers. 



Gradation, reduction to a level, or some given slope. 



Grain, (a weight,) the four hundred and eightieth part of an ounce. 



Granite, one of the oldest rocks known, and that on which all other 

 rocks principally rest ; supposed to have been formed before any 

 other of the rocks, of which the earth is composed. It is much 

 used for a building stone. Its color is generally gray, and it con- 

 sists of three principal minerals, quartz, felspar, and mica. 



Granitic, composed of granite. 



Granular, in minute portions or grains. 



Grass Crops, the grasses cut for hay, or fed off in pasturage. 



Grass Husbandry, where the principal object is the dairy, the rearing 

 of domestic animals, &c., as in grazing districts. 



Gravity, that property by which bodies fall to the earth. 



Gravity, {specific,) the weight of any solid or fluid body, compared 

 with the same measure of distilled water. 



Green Crops, clover, buckwheat, or other growing crops, buried by 

 the plough, to enrich the soil ; considered improving crops. 



Greenstone, a granular rock, composed of hornblende and felspar. 



Greensward, the turf on which grass grows. 



To Grub, to dig up, to destroy by digging ; to root out of the ground. 



Grubber, a pronged instrument, used in tillage, sometimes as a sub- 

 stitute for the plough, in stirring up the soil, and grubbing out 

 stones, &c. 



Gypsum, sulphate of lime ; plaster of Paris. See p. 88. 



Hammel, a small shed, with a yard for feeding one, or at most two, 

 animals. 



Harrow, see p. 144. 



To Harrow, to break with the harrow ; to tear up ; to rip up. 



Harrowing, covering seed with earth, by the harrow ; breaking with 

 the harrow ; tearing up ; ripping up. 



Hassocks, the tufts or bunches of grass in a meadow. 



Hattocks, shocks. 



Haul?n, the base of the stalks or stems of all crops, after the seeds are 

 gathered. The haulm of peas is sometimes called pea ryse. 



Headlands, borders of a field left unploughed. 



Heel, (of a plough,) the hinder end. 



Heliconia, a genus of beautiful stove plants, of which there are three 

 species, flourishing in South America, and the West Indies. 



Hengrass, chickweed. 



Herbage Plants, clover and other plants, cultivated chiefly for the 

 herb, to be used either green, or to be made into hay. 



Herdsgrass, timothy or meadow cat's-tail grass. See pp. 225, 228. 



Hollow-draining, draining under ground ; making covered drains in 

 fields. 



