ROSES THAT BLOOM THE WHOLE SEA SOX. 131 



quarters, either by the heels in a frame, or planted 

 into pots. They must be shaded from the sun for a 

 few daj's after removal, and will be greatly strength- 

 ened by having their tops cut ofT, only leaving one, 

 or at most two branches, six to eig-ht inches long; 

 Those of robust habit do not make handsome stand- 

 ards ; they shoot away into irregular forms, and 

 require to be repeatedly trimmed into shape during 

 the growing season. Summer pruning has been 

 strongly urged upon the -horticulturist by many 

 writers in Europe, where they have a cool humid 

 climate to operate inj but in this country, where 

 growth is so rapid, it requires all the foliage a plant 

 produces to convey to the roots the nourishment 

 (carbonic acid) it derives from the atmosphere, to 

 support their free growth during the months of July 

 and August. Every leaf, young shoot^or branch that 

 a tree or plant is deprived of, during the period of 

 their growth, is merely withdrawing from them a 

 portion of their daily food. J have rarely seen sum- 

 mer pruning attended with beneficial results, but the 

 contrary. The proper method is to disbud, or merely 

 take the tip from the extremity of a shoot. "The 

 size of a plant is proportional to the surface of the 

 organs which are destined to convey food to it. A 

 plant gains another mouth and stomach with every 

 new fibre of root and ever}'- new leaf." When the 



