INDEX 



485 



Soil, transported, 109. 

 washed away on slopes, 113. 

 water-holding capacity of, 132. 

 water of, 103. 



amount suited to plants, 130, 131. 



how absorbed, 111-113, 129. 

 how regulated, 132, 133. 



Soil-crumbs, 124-127*, 128*. 



Soil-floccules, 126, 127,* 128. 



Soil-mulch, 115 * 116 * 117,* 125,* 129, 133. 



Soil-particles, 119,* 120,* 128 * 



Solomon's seal, storage of food in, 313. 



Sorrel, wood. See Oxalis. 



Spanish Bayonet, protection against ani- 

 mals, 221. 



Spatterdock, 337. 



Species, origin of, 441-453. 



Sphagnum. See Peat Moss. 



Spines protect against animals, 221, 256, 

 260, 320, 331.* 



Spiral tracheiids, 227,* 229, 230, 231.* 



Spongy tissue of leaf, 198,* 199,* 200. 



Spontaneous generation, 365. 



Spores of bacteria, 362,* 365. 



Corn-Smut, 397, 398,* 399.* 

 - Mildew, 407.* 



Mould, 393, 394,* 395,* 396,* 397.* 



Rusts, 401, 402,* 403,* 404.* 

 Sport. See Variation, sudden. 

 Spraying, 407. 



with oil injures leaf, 215. 

 Spring, fat changed to starch in, 259. 



run of sap in, 243, 259. 



sugar changed to starch in, 259. 

 Spring-wood, 232,* 236.* 247. 

 Springs, formation of, 117. 

 Spruce, protection against drying, 333. 



wood of, 230. 

 Squash, cross-pollination of, 302. 



effect of light on, 184,* 185. 



fibrous bundles of, 224,* 226, 227.* 



fruit of, water conveyed to, 317. 



germination of, 54,* 55,* 56, 81.* 



mieropyle of, 8,* 9. 



path of proteid in, 224,* 227,* 254-256. 



water in, 224*-227,* 228-230. 



peg of, 54*-56. 



root-cap of, 86. 



root pressure of, 243i 



Squash, sap of, forces which raise, 241. 



seed-cover of, holds water, 29. 



seedlings of, 184,* 185. 



sleep position of seed-leaf of, 218. 



stem of, microscopic structure of, 224,* 

 226, 227,* 228, 229, 246. 



tendrils of, 272. 



transpiration of, 216. 

 Squash hybrids, 429. 

 Squaw-vine. See Partridge-berry, 

 Squirrels, Ground, bury seeds, 69. 

 Squirting Cucumber. See Cucumber, 



Squirting. 



Stannard, on soil, 133. 

 Starch, absorption of, from leaves, 183, 258. 



as food, 164', 176. 



changed to fat, 253, 259. 



oil, 253, 314. 



sugar, 167-169, 258, 314, 391. 



conveyed to wood, 232,* 233. 



decomposition of, 186,* 187. 



digestion of, 166-169. 



disappears in darkness, 182,* 183. 



energy from, 176, 196. 



formation of, dependent on air supply, 

 191.* 



chlorophyll, 185. 



light, 182. 



in variegated leaves, 185. 



leaves, 182-203, (182,* 184,* 



186,* 191,* 192,* 193,* 198,* 199,* 201,* 

 202*). 



stem, 278. 



fuel value of, 176, 196. 



in buds, 253. 



chlorophyll grains, 201,* 202.* 



cortex, 258. 



flour, 177. 



fruits, 314. 



growing region, 253, 254. 



leaf -cells, 202.* 



medullary rays 232,* 233, 258. 



potato, 328. 

 - rind, 258. 



seeds, 65,* 164, 314. 437. 



wheat, 177, 178. 



wood, 232,* 233, 257-259. 



path of, in stem, 169, 254, 257, 258, 313, 

 314. 



