498 THE KARLIK TAGH 



but he was entrusted with the management of many- 

 lateral expeditions. From Kumul, for instance, he made 

 an excursion into the Karlik Tagh, and gave us the 

 most up-to-date map of that region as a whole, which 

 still stands on the Russian " 40-verst " sheets as the 

 most correct survey. Kozloff's journey was the most 

 scientific, and gave finer results than any other traveller's 

 in those regions. He visited Narin, Tur Kul, Adak, Nom, 

 and Bai, and made an ascent into the alpine region^ 

 describing his experiences with remarkable ability. 



After Kozloff's visit twelve years elapsed before the 

 next explorer set foot in these regions. This was Dr. 

 (now Sir Aurel) Stein, who, in his itinerary of archaeo- 

 logical research, made the complete circuit of Chinese 

 Turkestan. Stein arrived in Kumul in the autumn 

 of 1907, and spent two weeks in the oasis itself and 

 on a visit to Toruk and Ara-tam ; there he investi- 

 gated the ruins of certain Buddhist shrines, while Rai 

 Lai Singh, his Indian surveyor, explored the southern 

 flanks of the mountains between Khotun-tam and the 

 Barkul passes. Stein's work considerably altered the 

 configuration of this portion of the range as shown on 

 previous maps, and a certain amount of material from 

 his maps is embodied in that published at the end of this 

 volume. 



During Stein's visit to Kumul another traveller, Mr. 

 Cecil Clementi, passed through on his way across China. 

 Success in the laborious undertaking of making a com- 

 plete series of astronomically fixed positions right across 

 China from Kashgar to Hong-Kong has caused the 

 acceptance of his position for Kumul, in preference to 

 those of others, in the reproduction of my plane-table 

 survey ; beyond this his work has not affected mine. The 



