648 



INDEX 



Jordan Valley, compared with 



Dzungarian Gate, 416 

 Journey, resume of, 2-5 



Kalgan, 448 



Kalmuk, 203, 388 ; origin and 



meaning of name, 385 ; of Boro- 



tala, 437-8 

 Kamchatka, 34 

 Kamsara River, 107, 126, 142, 143, 



144. 154 



Kandagai Valley, 189, 194-5 



Kandat River, 134, 202 ; range, 

 92, loi, 135 



Kandic, root, 220 



Kanjik Range, 420, 432, 619-20 



Kansu, 51 



Kara-adir Range, 402 



Karagatch River, 158, 161 



Kara-Kapchin, 526 



Kara-Kitai, empire destroyed by 

 Jenghis, 382, 384, 406 



Karakorum, 4, 13, 21, 293 ; first 

 visitor to, 12 



Karakorum Pass crossed, 579 



Kara-Kuruk (gazelle), 583, 584 



Kara-tuz, 82 



Karauls, Mongol, 201, 260, 273 



Karcharmak Valley, 510 ; peaks 

 at head of, 622 



Karlik Tagh, 4, 25, 276 n., 400 ; 

 first view of, 471, 475 ; sandstone 

 foothills of, 479, 500-5 ; influence 

 of, on Taghliks, 508 ; rivers 

 of : Narin, 479, 501-3 ; Edira, 

 479 n. ; Bardash, 504, 505-10 ; 

 drainage from, 481-2, 502-3 ; 

 as eastern extremity of Tian 

 Shan, 494-5 ; previous ex- 

 ploration of, 495-9 ; affinity of 

 with Altai, 497, 516 n. ; Russian 

 Government map of, 498 ; anti- 

 quities of, 498-9 ; viewed from 

 Kumul, 499-500 ; orography of, 

 499-500, 510-11; Buddhist re- 

 mains in, 504-5 ; inhabitants of, 

 486, 506-8 ; moraines in, 508-9, 

 518, 522 ; glaciers of, 509, 518, 

 522 ; forests of, 505, 509, 510, 512, 

 516-17, 525 ; orography of alpine 

 region, 510 ; absence of sand- 

 stone foothills at eastern end of, 

 511 ; influence of this on Tagh- 

 liks, 511; spring in, 512, 513; 

 denudation of, 512 ; vegetation 



in. 5°5> 509-12, 516-17 ; climate 

 of Eastern, 51 3-1 4 ; climate of 

 Northern, 522 ; rainfall of Eastern, 

 513-14, 513 n. ; Chinese element 

 in, 511, 514, 523 ; character of 

 region to south-east of, 514-15 ; 

 fauna of, 516-17, 517 n. ; immense 

 views from, 518-19 ; nature of 

 country between, and Ati Bogdo, 

 520-1 ; section of, from north to 

 south, diagram, 521 ; character 

 of Northern, 521-2 ; pass across, 



525 ; character of inhabitants, 



526 ; as portion of Khanate of 

 Kumul, 491 ; diagrams of sum- 

 mits, 621 ; map of alpine region 

 of, 623 ; alpine region of, 621-24 ; 

 estimates of altitudes, 624 ; wild- 

 sheep of, 347, 570 ; fauna and 

 flora of, 629 ; wapiti of, 630 ; as 

 "neutral zone," 628-30; gazelle- 

 hunting on south of, 585-6 



Karmukchi, 486 



Kasaks, distinction between, and 

 Kirghiz, 353 ; of Russian terri- 

 tory, 367 ; in Emil Valley, 407 ; 

 in Borotala, 560-1 



Kash Valley, 423 



Kashgar, 4, 25, 449, 579 



Kashmir, 4, 579 



Kastren, 200 



Kazir River, 134, 202 



Kemchik Bom, 108 ; description of, 

 no; as hindrance to navigation, 

 109 



Kemchik Valley, 21, 23, 43, 102, 

 103. 345 '' tumuli in, 16, 67 ; as 

 original home of Kirghiz, 53, 351- 

 2 ; sources of, 108, 109 ; dryness 

 of, 112, 185 ; routes northwards 

 from, 113 ; routes westwards 

 from, 116; character of, 188, 

 191 ; unexplored portion of, 117 ; 

 tvpes of Uriankhai, 216 ; cattle 

 of, 238 ; Uriankhai inhabitants 

 of, 203, 208 ; Chedan tributary of 

 Kemchik River, 185-91, 195 ; 

 Biakoff on the river, 1 85 ; Kurias 

 in the, 194 



Kem-Kemjuks, 203 n. 



Kendikti Kul, 191, 345 



Kergen Tash Pass, 406 



Khalka Mongols, 520 



Khamar Pass, 622 



Khan of Kumul. See Mahsud Shah 



