652 



INDEX 



cance of, 7 ; nomenclature of, 14, 

 15 n. ; recent changes in, 26 ; an- 

 tiquities of, 24; atmosphere of, as 

 compared with Siberia, 257-9 ; 

 nature of, 291-3 ; typical scene 

 in, 290; sheep-country of, 319; 

 wild-sheep of, 320, size and 

 weight of, 320, life-zones of, 

 624-32 ; map showing life-zones, 

 625 ; fauna and flora of, 624-32. 

 See also Ovis ammon 



Mongols, 38 ; invasions, 1 1 ; signi- 

 ficance of race, 203, 296 ; inva- 

 sion of Europe, 299-301 ; strength 

 of, 303 ; of present day, 306-18; 

 under JNIanchu yoke, 308-9 ; 

 idolatry amongst, 253-4 ; as 

 compared with Uriankhai, 260 ; 

 of high rank, 270 ; of N.W. Mon- 

 golia, 293 ; Durbet, 267-81 ; 

 hardiness of, 333 ; independence 

 of, 340-41 ; as compared with 

 Kirei, 362-4 ; retrogression 

 amongst, 366-7; former conquest 

 of Dzungaria, 382 ; in Dzungaria, 

 388-9 ; former suzerainty over 

 Kumul, 476. See also Durbet 



Monoliths, ^y ; distribution of, 58 ; 

 use of, 59 



Moose, 157 ; southern limit of, 628 



Moraines in Upper Yenisei basin, 

 130, 152 ; i!n Turgun Mountains, 

 283, 287 ; in Upper Kobdo Val- 

 ley, 371 ; in Karhk Tagh, 508-9, 

 518, 522 ; in Bogdo-ola, 538 



Moslem element in China, 613-18. 

 See also Islam 



Mosquitoes, 90, 143, 239 



Mounds in Southern Dzungaria, 438 



Moving sands, 460-2 



Mukutai Plain, 403 



I\Iu-li-kho, 463 



Musk-deer, 157, 630 



Naimans, 352, 382, 384 



Nan-lu, 428, 475 



Narin Kara, 402 



Narin Kur, 530 



Narin Valley, 479, 525-6, 506 



Narin, village, visited by Kozloff, 



498 

 Nature-worship, 241-50 

 Nears, Kumulik hunter, 592-8 

 Nestorian Christianity, 354, 356 

 Nay Elias, 3, 20, 25, 321 



Nile, 39 



Nom, 486, 521, 522 ; visited by 



Potanin, 496 ; visited by Kozloff, 



498 

 Nomadism, 208-11 

 Noyon Kul, 148 

 Noyon, of Uriankhai, 204-5 ; of 



Toji tribe, 202, 204, 248-9 ; 



of Kemchik tribe, 186-7, 203, 



204-5 

 Novi-Udinsk, 147 



Obos, 153, 245-7 



Ob River, 20, 36, 39, 115 



Obrutcheff, V. A., 23 ; publica- 

 tion, 635 



Ochotona of Karlik Tagh, 629 



Ogarka-ola Mountains, loi, 103 



Ogodai. See Oktai 



Oina, 203, 204, 212 



Oinar, ditto Oina, 200 



Oktai, son of Jenghis Khan, 385 



Olon Nor, 458-9 



Omsk, 18, 19 



Omyl, or Emil, 406 



Ondar, 200 



Ordoos, 20 



Orengai, 200 



Orography, of Karlik Tagh, as seen 

 from Kumul, 500 ; of alpine re- 

 gion, 510 ; of foothills, 510 ; of 

 eastern portion, 511, 514-15 



Ostiak, 32, 61 



Ostrovsky, P. E., 23, 112; pub- 

 lication, 637 



Oureghe, tax-unit, 207 



Ovis ammon hodgsoni, 571 



Ovis ammon karelini, 347 ; in 

 winter haunts, 439, 603-4 ; of 

 Borotala, 565 ; measurements of, 

 569 ; compared with Tian Shan 

 specimens, 569 ; distribution of, 

 569, 570, 628; horns of, de- 

 scribed, 570-1 ; coloration of, 

 571-2 ; of Karlik Tagh, 593-4, 629 



Ovis ammonlittledalei, 566; distribu- 

 tion of, 570-1 

 Ovis ammon poli, compared with 



Ovis ammon karelini, 570-1 

 Ovis, amtnon sairensis, 548, 549, 



551--^. 630 

 Ovis ammon typica, 264, 626, 630 ; 

 size and weight of, 320 ; first 

 mention of, 321 ; habits of, 330, 

 331, 334-45. 52>7 '. hunting of. 



