654 



INDEX 



192, 193, 211 ; early beliefs of 

 Uriankhai, 241 ; Shammanism 

 amongst Uriankhai, 241 ; an- 

 cestor-worship amongst Urian- 

 khai, 243 ; idolatry amongst 

 Uriankhai, 243, 253-4 ; progress 

 of ideas amongst Uriankhai, 

 241-56 



Reservation for Uriankhai, 188 



Rhododendron, 95 



Rickmers, W. R., cited, 379 ; pub- 

 lication, 638 



Ridgeway, Prof., 217 



Riga, 30 



River-terraces at Tomsk, 501 



Roads. See Routes 



Roborovsky, V. I., 23 ; leader of 

 expedition to Karlik Tagh, 497- 

 8 ; publication, 638 



Rockhill, cited, 417 



Roe-deer, 157, 582 ; in Ati Bogdo, 

 521, 629, 630 ; in Borotala, 566 ; 

 in Urta Saryk, 576 ; in Karlik 

 Tagh, 629 ; of Mongolia and 

 Dzungaria, 630 



Roubles, 45, 181, 281 



Routes : Achinsk to Minnusinsk, 

 35-7 ; to sources of Yenisei from 

 Siberia, 31, 32, 42-3 ; in Upper 

 Yenisei basin, 1 12-16, 147, 148 ; 

 between jMongolia and Siberia, 

 115, 180, 188, 274 ; taken by pil- 

 grims to Mecca, 365 ; from Hi 

 Valley to Kumul, 428 ; between 

 China and Sin-kiang, 444 ; be- 

 tween Dzungaria and Chinese 

 Turkestan, 447-8; between Dzun- 

 garia and China, 448-52 ; be- 

 tween Kalgan and Dzungaria, 

 448-52 ; between Kho-Kho-Koto 

 and Dzungaria, 449-52 ; over 

 Tou-shui Plateau, 466 ; from 

 Urumchi to Kumul, 447-8 ; be- 

 tween Barkul and Kumul, 536 

 Rubruck, William of, 12; cited, 61, 

 200, 276 n., 321, 369, 411, 417 



Russian-Chinese frontier, 2, 9, 13, 

 ^7> 35. 4^' 73 '> rnovements of 

 nomads, 366-7 



Russians, explorers, i, 3, 6, 13, 15 ; 

 advance, into Central Asia, 6, 9, 

 13 ; into Siberia, 32, 33 ; Geo- 

 graphical Society, 15, 72 ; maps 

 40 versts, 16 ; trading expedi- 

 tions of, 20, 531 ; adaptability of. 



33 ; ability to increase, 35 ; pro- 

 gress in Siberia, 34 ; traders 

 in Upper Yenisei basin, 152, 155, 

 160-73 ; as fur-hunters, 168 ; as 

 fishermen, 169 ; traders in I\Ion- 

 golia, 271, 275, 322-33; in Mon- 

 golia, 315-17; influence on Mon- 

 gols, 316 ; in Urumchi, 388, 445 ; 

 progress and advance on Chinese 

 frontier, 406, 567, 569 ; Russo- 

 Mongolian Protocol, 632-34 



Sabie, 159-62, 173 ; we leave, 174 



Sable, 207, 223 



Sacrifices amongst Uriankhai, 246, 

 247 



Safianoff, 112, 147, 154, 167, 172-3, 



Sahara, 6 



Saiga, 534, 552, 582 ; peculiarities 

 of, 590 ; habitat of, 590-1 ; na- 

 tive names of, 591 ; value of horns 

 of, 591 ; hunting of, 595-601 

 movements of, 597-8 ; weight, 

 etc., of, 598 ; habits of, 600 ; na- 

 tive method of hunting, 600-1; 

 range of, 628 



Sailugem Range, 102, 191, 273, 277 



Sairam Nor, 420, 432, 438, 578, 560, 

 583 ; Appendix B, 619 ; ancient 

 strands and barriers of, 619-21 ; 

 prevailing winds of, 620 ; la- 

 goons of, 620 ; salinity of, 621 



Sair Mountains, 23, 404, 406 ; wild- 

 sheep of, 548 ; as Kirei territory, 

 559 ; as portion of northern 

 border-range of Dzungaria, 379 ; 

 position of, as regards life-zones, 

 627 



Saklia River, 263 ; pass from, into 

 Upper Kemchik, 264 ; range, 264, 

 277 ; tumuli in valley of, 265 



Saksai River, 22 



Saljak tribe, 202, 204, 208, 212 



Samoyedes, 8, 34 ; origin of, 52, 

 198-200, 201 



Sand-belt of Southern Dzungaria, 

 438 ; of Central Dzungaria, 543 ; 

 north of Guchen, 456-63 ; in- 

 habitants of, 457; moving dunes 

 of, 460-2 



Sand-dunes, in Barkul basin, 529 



Sand-grouse, migrations of, 407-8 



Sandstone foothills of Karlik Tagh, 

 479, 500, 501. 502, 503 



