INDEX 



659 



Wild-horse, 626, 628 



Wild-pig, 566-7, 582, 631 



Wild-sheep, 264, 439, 466, 582 ; in 

 Borotala Valley, 561-74, 568, 

 569 ; in Ala-tau, 567 ; of Karlik 

 Tagh, 517 n. ; of Ati-Bogdo, 521 ; 

 of Mongolia and Dzungaria, 630. 

 See also Ovis ammon, etc. 



Winds, prevailing, of Guchen dis- 

 trict, 460-1 ; of Dzungarian Gate, 

 413 ; tradition concerning, 413 



Winter, in Dzungaria, effect on 

 animals, 439 ; in Central Asia, 

 424, 425 ; difficulties of travel 

 in, 422 



Wolves, 557, 558 



Wooden images of animals, 246 



Yaks, 275, 276 n. ; on Karlik Tagh, 

 526 



Yakub Beg, 476 



Yamachu glacier 287 ; Peak, 287 ; 

 valley, 287 Plateau, 288-90 



Yandzhikhai, 439 ; kulon near, 

 602 



Yarkand, 4, 579 



Yenisei, Upper, basin, 2 ; recent 

 changes in, 26 ; character of, 74 ; 

 earliest mention of, 15 n. ; lack 

 of knowledge of, 17, 25 ; early 

 exploration of, 18, 26 ; antiqui- 

 ties of, 24 ; routes to, from 

 Siberia, 31 ; routes from Minnu- 

 sinsk, 42, 43 ; difficulties of 

 access, 75, 80; first view of , 93- 

 6 ; scenery in, 95 ; orographic- 

 ally, politically, and physically, 

 97 ; area of, 98 ; hydrography of, 

 98, 107-8 ; topography of, 98-1 1 7 ; 

 average altitude of, 99 ; border- 

 ranges of, 99 ; northern wall of, 

 100; southern wall of , 101,147- 

 8 ; protective nature of border 

 ranges, 102 ; western wall of, 102 ; 

 eastern wall of, 102, 107, 135 ; 

 orography of, 103 ; vegetation 

 zones of, 104-6, 160, 178 ; advance 

 of steppe conditions in, 104, 150, 

 178; rainfall in, 107; drainage 



from, 108 ; river-transport in, 

 109-110 ; meteorology of, no, 

 III ; climate of, 112 ; routes 

 across, 11 2-1 6; land-character 

 of, 106; central portion of, 112, 

 1 78-9 ; unexplored portion of, 117; 

 scenery in eastern portion of, 

 145-6; routes from, to Baikal, 

 147; rivers, the life of, 155; 

 cultivation in, 161, 173, 183, 184 ; 

 Russian advance into, 163-5 '• 

 tribes of, 164-73 ; Russian ab- 

 sorption of, 166; furs of, 168, 

 221, 207; fisheries of, 169-70; 

 temperature in, 184 ; as Uri- 

 ankhai reserve, 201 ; popula- 

 tion of, 202, 214 ; furbearing 

 animals of, 207 ; pasture in, 211 ; 

 fauna and flora of, 624-7, 630- 

 2 ; musk-deer of, 630 ; roe-deer 

 of, 630 



Yenisei River, sources of, i, 3, 107 ; 

 frozen over, 30 ; arrival of Rus- 

 sians on, 33 ; divide between, and 

 Ob-Irtish, 36 ; near Minnusinsk, 

 36, 37 ; navigation between Kras- 

 noyarsk and Minnusinsk, 37 ; 

 break-up of ice on, 38-9 ; size of, 

 39 ; meaning of name, 39 n. ; 

 navigation above Minnusinsk, 

 109 ; rapids above Minnusinsk, 

 no ; early inhabitants in neigh- 

 bourhood of, 198-9, 205 



Yeniseians, 49, 199 ; early beliefs of, 

 55 ; in Bronze Age, 70 ; as 

 mineralogists, 70, 168 



Yeniseisk, 16, 44 



Yermak, 32, 33 



Younghusband, F. E., 3, 22, 291, 

 346-7, 517 n.; visits Kumul, 

 497 ; publication, 639 



Yulduz Plateau, 390, 391 ; wild- 

 sheep of, 569, 570-1 



Yule, Col. M., 472 



Zaisan Lake, 20, 357, 401, 406, 542 

 Zalanash Lake, 416, 417 

 Zungar. See Dzungar 

 Zungaria. See Dzungaria 



