TRINOA. 153 



with reddish brown and profusely dotted with creamy white; under 

 parts very slightly washed with warm buff." (DRESSER.) Length 10.00- 

 11.00, wing 6.50, tail 2.50. Hab. Sea-coasts throughout northern hemi- 

 sphere and nearly throughout southern hemisphere 1 in winter ; in North 

 America, shores of the Great Lakes also. 



234. T. canutus LINN. Knot. 



b". "Wing more than 7.00; summer adult with lower parts white, heavily 

 spotted anteriorly with dusky; wing 7.40, tail 2.80, culmen 1.60, tar- 

 jsus 1.35, middle toe .85. Hab. Coast of Eastern Asia (Japan, etc.). 



T. crassirostris TEMM. & SCHLEG. Large-billed Sandpiper. 1 

 a 3 . Wing less than 6.00 ; middle pair of tail-feathers longer and more pointed than 



the rest. 

 b 1 . Tarsus shorter than middle toe (with claw), the latter decidedly shorter 



than exposed culmen. (Subgenus Arquatella BAIRD.) 

 c 1 . Summer adult and young with little if any rusty on upper parts, the 

 former without dusky patch or extensive clouding on breast. 



Summer adult : Top of head dusky streaked with dull light buffy ; 

 scapulars and interscapulars blackish, irregularly spotted and 

 indented with dull buff, and bordered terminally with whitish ; 

 fore-neck and chest white, streaked with dusky ; breast dull 

 light grayish, spotted with darker. Winter plumage : Upper 

 parts uniform sooty blackish, glossed with purplish, the scapu- 

 . lars, interscapulars, and wing-coverts bordered terminally with 

 dark plumbeous-gray ; chest uniform mouse-gra} r , or brownish 

 plumbeous, other lower parts white. Young : Above dusky, the 

 scapulars, interscapulars, and wing-coverts bordered with pale 

 grayish buff. Downy young : Above hair-brown, lighter and 

 grayer on hind-neck, the brown irregularly marbled with black, 

 the wings, back, and rump thickly spi'inkled with white downy 

 flecks ; head grayish white, tinged with fulvous, variously 

 marked with black, the lores having two distinct longitudinal 

 streaks ; lower parts dull grayish white. Length 8.00-9.50, 

 wing 4.85-5.40 (5.06), culmen 1.10-1.45 (1.20), tarsus .90-1.00 

 (.99). Eggs 1.44 X 1-02, pale olive, varying to greenish or 

 brownish or even buffy, spotted and clouded with various 

 shades of brown. Hab. Sea-coasts and shores of larger inland 

 waters of Europe and eastern North America, breeding far 

 northward; south, in winter, to Middle States and Great 



Lakes 235. T. maritima BRUNN. Purple Sandpiper. 



c*. Summer adult and young with much rusty on upper parts, the former 

 with a more or less distinct patch, or extensive clouding, of dusky 

 on breast. 

 d 1 . Smaller and darker colored. Summer adult : Upper parts dusky, 



1 Tringa crassirostris TEMM. & SCHLEQ., Faun. Jap. Aves, 1847, 107, pi. 14. 



20 



