322 NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



f*. Bill not conoid ; angle of gonys not forward of the nostril. 

 g l . Tertials not elongated, but with their tips falling far 

 short of the ends of the longest primaries ; hind- 

 claw much shorter than its digit. 



Mniotiltidse. (Pago 480.) 



g*. Tertials much elongated, their tips reaching nearly to 

 end of longest primary ; hind-claw nearly as long 

 as, or longer than, its digit. 



Motacillidae. (Page 532.) 

 &. Bill curved downward to the very acute tip. 



Ccerebidse (Certhiola). (Page 479.) 



<P. Bill very short, very broad at base, and deeply cleft, the gape more 

 than twice as long as the culmen ; outer primary more than 



twice as long as the innermost Hirundinidse. (Page 457.) 



c 2 . Primaries obviously 10, or else tip of bill hooked. 

 d 1 . Tarsi distinctly scutellate. 



e l . Bill only moderately or very slightly hooked at tip. 



f 1 . Tarsus not longer .than middle toe, with claw; bill short, 

 depressed, its width at base exceeding length of the 



gonys Ampelidas. (Page 463.) 



f*. Tarsus longer than middle toe, with claw, or else the bill 

 elongated, not depressed, narrower at base.than length 

 of the gonys. 

 g l . Bill not hooked at tip. 

 h 1 . Tail-feathers normal. 



z 1 . Nasal feathers erect or inclined backward. 

 /. Bill linear, but often curved, the culmen 

 always more or less so ; first pri- 

 mary well developed, extending be- 

 yond tips of coverts. 



Troglodytidse. (Page 538.) 

 j*. Bill elongate-conical, the culmen straight ; 

 first primary minute, not reaching 

 to tips of coverts. 



Sturnidae. (Page 364.) 

 i 2 . Nasal feathers directed forward. 



/. Larger (wing more than 4.00 inches). 



Corvidse. (Page 350.) 

 /. Smaller (wing less than 4.00 inches). 



A 1 . Bill without notch, more or less 

 conoid... Paridae. (Page 558.) 

 A 2 . Bill notched, very slender. 



Sylviidae (Polioptilince). (Page 566.) 

 A*. Tail-feathers stiff, pointed at tip. 



Certhiidae. (Page 557.) 



