COTINGID^E. 323 



g*. Bill slightly hooked at tip.. Vireonidse. (Page 468.) 



e*. Bill strongly hooked and toothed Laniidae. (Page 465.) 



d 2 . Tarsi not divided into scutellse, except at extreme lower portion. 

 e l . Without rictal bristles ; nostrils linear ; tail excessively short. 



Cinclidae. (Page 538.) 



e 2 . With distinct rictal bristles ; nostrils oval ; tail normally de- 

 veloped. 



jf 1 . Smaller (wing less than 3.00 inches) ; young not spotted. 

 Sylviidae (SylviincK, Eegulince). (Page 566.) 

 / 2 . Larger (wing more than 3.00 inches) ; young distinctly 

 spotted Turdidae. (Page 571.) 



FAMILY COTINGID^E. THE COTINGAS. (Page 321.) 



Genera. 



a 1 . Nostrils wholly exposed ; lores and orbits naked Tityra. 1 



a*. Nostrils more or less hidden by bristly feathers ; lores and orbits feathered. 



b l . Tip of bill very slightly hooked ; tail decidedly rounded or graduated ; 



males with second quill very small or rudimentary. 



c 1 . Tail graduated for only about half the length of the exposed culmen ; 

 tarsus stouter, the inner side (posterior half) with a series of large 



scutellse ; bill more cylindrical Platypsaris. (Page 324.) 



c 2 . Tail graduated for about as much as full length of exposed culmen ; 

 tarsus slender, the inner side (posterior half) covered by naked 



skin; bill more flattened Pachyrhamphus. (Page 325.) 



i 2 . Tip of bill very distinctly hooked ; tail nearly even ; males with second 



quill larger than first. 



c 1 . Color uniform tawny (darker above) ; wing six times as long as exposed 



culmen, more than four times as long as tarsus ; culmen more or 



less distinctly convex, cutting-edge of upper mandible straight or 



slightly concave, and tip of bill gradually decurved. 



d l . Tarsus stout, very little longer than middle toe, with claw, the 



upper third feathered in front ; culmen curved throughout, and 



cutting-edge of upper mandible slightly concave ; wing 5.00, or 



more Laniocera? 



<P. Tarsus slender, decidedly longer than middle toe, with claw, en- 

 tirely naked ; culmen nearly or quite straight to near tip, and 

 cutting-edge of upper mandible straight ; wing less than 5.00 

 (in Mexican species) Lipaugus? 



1 Tityra VIEILLOT, Analyse, 1816, 39. Type, Lanius cayanuB LINN. (One species in Mexico, with others 

 in Central and South America.) 



2 Laniocera LESS., Rev. Zool. 1840, 353. Type, L. sanguinaria LESS., = Ampelis hypopyrrha VIEILL. 

 (One species in Mexico.) 



3 Lipangus (err. typ.) BOIE, Isis, 1828, 318. Type, Musctcapa simplex LIGHT. (One species in Mexico.) 



