FRINGILLID^E. 333 



with under parts either yel- 

 low or else conspicuously 

 streaked. 



Spinus, (Page 398.) 

 P. Exposed culmen not decidedly, 

 if at all, shorter than tar- 

 sus ; adults with front part 

 of head (all round) red, and 

 lower parts neither yellow 

 nor streaked. 



Carduelis. (Page 400.) 



f. "Wing more than 3.75 Leucosticte. 



(Page 393.) 



z 2 . Wing less than five times as long as tarsus. 

 /. First quill decidedly longer than fourth. 

 A 1 . Depth of bill at base equal to or 

 greater than length of exposed 

 culmen. 



Carpodacus. (Page 389.) 

 k z . Depth of bill at base decidedly less 



than length of exposed culmen. 

 I 1 . Tail emarginate, the middle 

 feathers narrow and pointed 

 at tip. 



m l . Gonys shorter than hind- 

 toe (without claw) and 

 less than depth of bill. 

 Calcarius. 

 (Page 404.) 



m 2 . Gonys longer than hind- 

 toe (without claw) and 

 greater than depth of 

 bill. Rhynchophanes. 

 (Page 406.) 



P. Tail rounded, the middle feathers 



broad and rounded at tip. 



Chondestes. (Page 414.) 



/. First quill decidedly shorter than fourth. 



Habia. (Page 444.) 



h\ Primaries exceeding secondaries by less than 



length of tarsus. 



i 1 . Depth of bill at base equal to length of hind- 

 toe, with claw.... Guiraca. (Page 445.) 

 t*. Depth of bill at base much less than length 

 of hind-toe, with claw. 



