ANTHUS. 537 



tarsus .85-.90. Hab. Northern Europe and Asia in summer; 



in winter, northeastern Africa and greater part of southern 



Asia ; occasional in Alaska, and accidental in Lower California. 



699. A. cervinus (PALL.). Red-throated Pipit. 



<? J . Back and scapulars streaked with whitish (forming two or more nearly 

 parallel stripes when feathers are properly arranged). 

 Summer adult: Above light brown, everywhere streaked with 

 black, the back with several longitudinal series of whitish 

 streaks ; middle wing-coverts blackish, abruptly tipped or bor- 

 dered terminally with whitish ; greater coverts more narrowly 

 tipped with more brownish white, and edged with light brown; 

 beneath whitish, more or less strongly tinged with buff on 

 lower throat and chest, the latter, with sides and flanks, 

 streaked with black; sides of throat usually without black 

 streaks. Winter plumage similar, but browner above and more 

 decidedly buffy beneath. Length (skins) about 5.50-6.00, wing 

 3.20-3.50, tail 2.25-2.40, tarsus .95-1.00. Hab. Kamtschatka 

 (including Commander Islands) and whole of Siberia in sum- 

 mer ; in winter, south to Philippines, Borneo, etc. 



A. gustavi SWINH. Petchora Pipit. 1 



a 2 . Tarsus shorter than third toe, with claw ; inner web of outer tail-feather chiefly 

 (sometimes entirely) white. Eggs .87 X -62, dull pale purplish buffy or dull 

 buffy whitish, thickly speckled with dull purplish brown. (Subgenus Neo- 

 corys SCLATER.) 



Adult in summer : Above broadly streaked with pale grayish buff and 

 dusky ; wings dusky, with pale grayish buffy edgings ; two outer tail- 

 feathers chiefly white (the outermost sometimes entirely white); be- 

 neath dull buffy white, more buffy across chest, where narrowly streaked 

 with dusky; legs and feet very light-colored. Winter plumage much 

 more decidedly buffy, both above and below, with dark streaks on chest 

 broader and less sharply defined. Young : Above brownish buff, broadly 

 streaked with black, the feathers of back and scapulars narrowly mar- 

 gined terminally with buffy or whitish ; chin, throat, and sides of neck 

 whitish, the last, and also lower throat, streaked with dusky ; rest of 

 lower parts light buff, growing gradually paler posteriorly, the chest 

 and sides of breast streaked with black. Length 5.75-7.00, wing 3.20- 

 3.40, tail 2.35-2.60, tarsus .90. Hab. Interior plains of North America, 

 breeding from central Dakota north to the Saskatchewan ; south, in 

 winter, over southern plains to southern Mexico (Puebla). 



700. A. spragueii (Auo.). Sprague's Pipit. 



1 Anthus gustavi SWINH., P. Z. S. 1863, 90. 

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