CISTOTHORUS. 555 



brighter (a burnt-umber tint) on rump and upper tail-coverts, the wings 

 and tail (often rump and back also) narrowly barred with dusky; outer 

 webs of quills spotted with dusky and pale brownish or brownish white; 

 superciliary stripe and lower parts pale Isabella brownish, varying to 

 dull light tawny, the belly, flanks, and under tail-coverts distinctly 

 barred with blackish and whitish. 



c 1 . Paler, with rather shorter bill ; chin, throat, chest, and breast pale dull 

 isabella-color, sometimes inclining to dull brownish white anteri- 

 orly ; upper parts more rusty brown ; length 3.50-4.12, wing 1.75- 

 2.00 (1.86), tail 1.15-1.40 (1.25), exposed culmen .3S-.45 (.41), bill 

 from nostril .30-.32 (.30), tarsus .6S-.75 (.68). Eggs .69 X -50. 

 Hab. Eastern North America, breeding from northern border of 

 United States northward, and wintering from about its southern 

 breeding limit southward. 



722. T. hiemalis VIEILL. Winter Wren. 



c*. Darker, with rather longer bill ; chin, throat, etc., deep isabella-color or 

 dull tawny; upper parts darker, and less rusty, brown (almost a 

 clear bistre shade anteriorly); length 3.60-4.25, wing 1.80-1.90 

 (1.84), tail 1.20-1.35 (1.24), exposed culmen .40-.45 (.42), bill from 

 nostril .29-.S5 (.31), tarsus .65-.70 (.69). Eggs .60 X -48. Hab. 

 Pacific coast, breeding from southern coast ranges of California to 

 Sitka ; south, in winter, to western Mexico, east to eastern Oregon, 

 Nevada, etc. 



722a. T. hiemalis pacificus BAIRD. Western Winter Wren. 

 b*. Exposed culmen .55, or more ; in plumage very similar to T. hiemalis pacifi- 

 cus, but rather paler, especially on upper parts ; length about 4.25-4.50, 

 wing 2.05-2.15 (2.07), tail 1.30-1.50 (1.40), exposed culmen .S5-.62 (.59), 

 bill from nostril .40-.48 (.45), tarsus .70-.80 (.75). Hab. Aleutian and 

 Prybilof Islands, Alaska.... 723. T. alascensis BAIRD. Alaskan Wren. 



GENUS CISTOTHORUS CABANIS. (Page 540, pi. CXXL, figs. 6, 9.) 



Species. 



COMMON CHARACTERS. Above brown, the back streaked with black and white, 

 the wings and tail more or less barred with blackish ; lower parts whitish or 

 buffy. Nest globular, with entrance in one side, attached to upright reeds, etc., 

 in marshes. 



a 1 . Bill much shorter than head, the culmen much shorter than middle toe, with- 

 out claw ; hind claw not longer than its toe ; lower parts buffy, or ochra- 

 ceous, more whitish on throat and belly; eggs pure white, unspotted. 

 (Subgenus Cistot horns.") 



b 1 . Upper tail-coverts dull brown, distinctly barred with dusky ; rump similar, 

 but more irregularly barred ; hind-neck plain brownish, or (rarely) with 

 very indistinct streaks ; flanks and under tail-coverts dull buffy ochra- 



