380 ZOOLOGY. 



In bees, in the anthophora, the bourdon or solitary bee, 

 and other insects, called by zoologists hymenoptera, the ouccal 

 apparatus presents a disposition in some measure intermediate 

 between these two extremes. The upper lip (a, Fig. 359) 

 and the mandibles (b) greatly resemble those of the grinding 

 insects ; but the jaws (c) and the languette (d) are extremely 

 elongated, and the first assume a tubular form longitudinally, 

 encasing the sides of the languette, so that these organs, 

 reunited into bundles, form a proboscis, serving to conduct 

 the food, always soft and liquid, on which these insects live. 

 This proboscis is moveable at its base, and flexible throughout 



_ Antennae. 



Mandibles.. 



Labium. 



Maxillary Feeler. - 

 Jaws. 





Lateral Lobes of the 

 Little Tongue. 



Labial Feeler. J ;-l- Little Tongue. 



Fig. 359. Head of the Anthophora Eetusa, or Wild Bee. 



the rest of its extent, but it is never rolled up, as we see in 

 the butterfly. With regard to the mandibles, they serve 

 chiefly to cut the materials with which the hymenoptera 

 make their nest, or to seize and put to death the prey of 

 which these insects suck the juices. It has been remarked 

 also, that there exist in the interior of the mouth other solid 

 pieces which are absent in the grinding insects, and which 

 constitute valvules intended to close the pharynx every time 

 that deglutition does not take place. 



523. In the wood-bug, the chirping grasshopper, the 

 vine-fretter, and other hemipterous insects, the apparatus of 



