SYNOPSIS. 11 



76. Graphis Adans. Thallus thin, epiphlceodal or hypophlceodal : 

 apothecia linear, divided or simple, innate at the base, with pluri- 

 locular spores ; spennogones with simple sterigmata and straight 

 or slightly curved spermatia. 



77. Chiodecton Ach. Thallus thin or thickish, pulverulento- 

 verrucose: apothecia in the thalline verrucae, substellato-radiate, 

 often confluent, with 3-septate spores ; spermogones with simple 

 sterigmata and acicular, arcuate spermatia. 



78. Glyphis Ach. Thallus usually hypophlceodal or obsolete, 

 with large scattered verrucse: apothecia in the thalline verruca, 

 rotundate or elongate, compound, with plurilocular spores ; sper- 

 mogones not yet seen. 



79. Melaspilea Nyl. Thallus thin or obsolete : apothecia 

 arthonioid, superficial, with 1-septate spores: spermogones with 

 simple sterigmata and straight spermatia. 



Series VI. PTRENODEI Nyl. Thallus peltate, crustaceous, 

 hypophloBodal, or evanescent : apothecia nuclear, the hymenium 

 enclosed in a pyrenium, with an apical ostiole. 



Tribe XX. PYRENOCARPEI Nyl. Thallus various, often 

 maculate or obsolete ; gonidial layer consisting of gonidia, rarely 

 of gonimia : apothecia pyrenodeine, often destitute of paraphyses, 

 the epithecium constricted, punctiform. 



80. Normandina Nyl. Thallus squamulose, squamules thin, 

 rounded : gonidial layer consisting of true gonidia : apothecia 

 immersed, with septate spores ; spermogones not seen. 



81. Endocarpon Hedw. Thallus peltate, or squamaBform, or 

 areolate ; gonidial layer consisting of gonidimia : apothecia immersed 

 or somewhat prominent, with simple spores ; spermogones with 

 jointed sterigmata and short straight spermatia. 



82. Verrucarina Nyl. Thallus crustaceous, areolate, mucoso- 

 gelatinous, containing gonidimia : apothecia immersed or some- 

 what prominent, with simple spores ; spermogones with simple 

 sterigmata and short straight spermatia. 



83. Verrucaria Pers. Thallus squamulose, or areolate, or pul- 

 verulent, or obsolete, containing gonidia : apothecia semi-immersed 

 or sessile, with entire or dimidiate pyrenium, and simple or variously 

 septate or murali-locular spores; spermogones with simple ste- 

 rigmata and various spermatia. 



84. Thelenella Nyl. Thallus epiphlceodal, thin, containing 

 gonidia : apothecia innate, with immersed pyrenium and pluri- 

 locular spores ; spermogones with simple sterigmata and filiform 

 cylindrical spermatia, 



