CALICirM.] CALICIFJ. 91 



less evanescent and visible only around the apotheeia, which are either 

 scattered, or more frequently approximate, with the stipes occasionally 

 once-branched. 



Hob. On decorticated trunks of alders in mountainous districts. 

 Distr. Very local and scarce, among the S. Grampians, Scotland. 



B. M. : Glen Lochay, Perthshire. 



6. Spores ellipsoid, 1-septate, rarely simple, black ; 

 sporal mass blackish. 



8. C. hyperelhim Ach. Meth. (1803) p. 93. Thallus granulose 

 or leprose, greenish-yellow. Apothecia moderate, usually nume- 

 rous ; stipes elongate, firm, black ; capitulum globoso-lcntifonn, 

 black, beneath usually somewhat reddish ; spores sometimes nar- 

 rowed at either apex, 1-septate, 0,009-10 mm. long, 0,004-6 mm. 

 thick. -Turn. & Borr. Lich. Br. p. 140; Sin. Eng. Fl. v. p. 139; 

 Tayl. in Mack. Fl. Hib. ii. p. 77 ; Mudd, Man. p. 258, t. iv. f. 105 ; 

 Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 16; Leight, Lich. Fl. p. 42, ed. 3, p. 42. 

 PJiacotium Injperelhcin Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 483. Lichen Jiyperellus 

 Ach. Prodr. (1798) p. 85 j" Eng. Bot. t. 1832. Coralloides fungi- 

 forme arboreum nigrum via; crustosiim Dill. Muse. 78, t. 14. f. 3 B. 

 Brit. Kvs. : Leight. n. 23; Bohl. n. 61 ; Mudd, n. 245. 



In favourable situations this spreads extensively, though more fre- 

 quently it occurs in small, interrupted patches. Nearly agrees with 



C. chrysocephahtm in the colour of the thallus, though the colour of the 

 apothtcia and the spores are very diverse. Often infertile; when present 

 the apothecia are generally very 'numerous. 



Hab. On the trunks of old trees, chiefly oaks, in upland wooded dis- 

 tricts. Distr. Pretty general and common in England, rare in Wales; 

 very rare in S. and (Central Scotland and in N. and W. Ireland. B. M. : 

 Ickworth and Bury, Suffolk ; Epping Forest, Essex ; Penshurst Park, 

 Kent; Hurstpierpoint, Sussex; New Forest, Hampshire; Chedworth 

 Woods and Sapperton, Gloucestershire ; Heudlip, Worcestershire ; Gop- 

 sall Park, Leicestershire ; Derbyshire ; near Ludlow and Almond Park, 

 near Shrewsbury, Shropshire ; Builth, Brecknockshire ; Welshpool, 

 Montgomeryshire; Ingleby and Brantsdale, Yorkshire; Leven's Park, 

 Westmoreland : Catttrlen, Cumberland. New Galloway, Kirkcudbright- 

 shire ; Falls of Clyde, Lanarkshire ; Aberfeldy, Perthshire. Killarney, 

 co. Kerry. 



Form 1 . viride Kyi. Syn. i. (1860) p. 153. Thallus thin, leprose or 

 granulato-pulverulent, greenish-yellow, the stipes occasionally very 

 short ; capitulum often greenish- or greyish-pulverulent, black 

 beneath. Cromb. Grevillea, xv. p. 14. Calicium viride Pers. Ust. 

 Ann. vii. (1794) p. 20. 



This form is distinguished by the more pulverulent thallus and the 

 colour of the capitulum above, though this latter character is not always 

 present. The stipes is occasionally very short, so that the apothecia are 

 almost sphinctriniform (=form sessile Crouib.) a condition which is 

 referred to by Turner and Borrer in Lich. Br. p. 14:?. 



Hab. On trunks of old trees and on pales in wooded upland situations. 



