92 LICHENACEI. [CALICIUM. 



Distr. Local and scarce in E., S., and W. England, and among 1 the S. 

 Grampians, Scotland. B. M. : New Forest, Hants ; Sapperton, Gloucester- 

 shire ; Malvern, Worcestershire. Ben Lawers, Perthshire. 



Form 2. baliolum Nyl. Syn. i. (1860) p. 153. Apothecia larger, 

 the stipes thicker and compressed at the base. Cromb. in Grevillea, 

 xv> p. \^. Calicium baliolum Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) p. 238. 



Differs from the type merely in the stipes. In the only British speci- 

 men the apothecia are numerous and some are nearly sessile. 



Hob. On old pales in wooded upland districts. Distr. Only in S.W. 

 England. B. M. : Near Lyndhurst, New Forest, Hants. 



9. C. quercinum Pers. Tent. (1797) p. 59. Thallus tbin, granu- 

 lose, or nearly smooth, or leprose, greyish-white or scarcely any. 

 Apothecia moderate, numerous ; stipes somewhat long, stout, black ; 

 capitulum turbinato-leutiform, white-pruinose, at length naked, 

 beneath grey-pruinose ; spores somewhat constricted in the middle, 

 1-septate, 0,005-9 mm. long, 0,003-5 mm. thick. Nyl. Syn. i. 



L155, t. v. f. 25 ; Mudd, Man. p. 257; Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 13 ; 

 ight. Lich. PI. p. 43, ed. 3, p. 43. Calicium clavellum Turn. & 

 Borr. Lich. Br. p. 138 ; Sm. Eng. Fl. v. p. 139. Lichen clavellus Eng. 

 Bot. t. 1465. Pliacotium claviculare Gray, Nat. Arr. i. p. 483. 

 Brit. Exs. : Mudd, n. 244 ; Bohl. n. 95. 



When fully developed the thallus is subtartareous, but frequently it is 

 but little visible. In all conditions, however, the species is readily recog- 

 nized, even when the disk is naked, by the grey pruina of the capitulum 

 beneath, which in a growing state is always persistent. The apothecia 

 are frequent, and the sperruogones are usually abundant and crowded. 



Hab. On old pales and the decayed trunks of trees in wooded 

 upland tracts. Distr. Local and scarce throughout England ; very rare 

 in S. Scotland ; not known in Ireland. B. M. : Lakenham, Norfolk ; 

 Henneld, Sussex ; Lyndhurst, New Forest, Hants ; Birkland, Notting- 

 hamshire ; Hay Park, Ludlow, Shropshire ; Baysdale, Cleveland, York- 

 shire ; Hexham, Northumberland. Falls of Clyde, Lanarkshire. 



Var. /3. lenticulare Nyl. Syn. i. (1860) p. 156. Thallus thin, gra- 

 nuloso-leprose, whitish, or scarcely any, or obsolete. Apothecia 

 moderate, numerous ; stipes somewhat robust, black ; capitulum 

 tubiformi-dilated, entirely naked, concolorous ; spores as in the type 

 or slightly narrower.' Cromb. Lich. Brit. p. 13. Calicium lenti- 

 culare Acb. Vet. Ak. Handl. 1816, p. 262, t. 8. f. 4. Brit. Exs. : 

 Cromb. n. 112 pro parto. 



This differs chiefly in the form and colour of the capitulum, which is 

 not pruinose. It is a very distinct variety ; perhaps it should rank as a 

 subspecies. 



Hab. On old oak pales in wooded upland tracts. Distr. Local and 

 scarce in S. and W. England, and in N. Wales. B. M. : Shiere, Surrey ; 

 New Forest, Hants ; Lewes, Sussex ; Bovey Tracey, S. Devon ; Bar- 

 mouth, Merionethshire ; Enuerdale, Cumberland. 



